Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits

Abstract Studies reporting domestication effects on plant defences have focused on constitutive, but not on induced defences. However, theory predicts a trade-off between constitutive (CD) and induced defences (ID), which intrinsically links both defensive strategies and argues for their joint consi...

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Autores principales:	Xoaquín Moreira, Luis Abdala-Roberts, Rieta Gols, Marta Francisco
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd01c42fbcc240b29a3ee7e3036c7da7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd01c42fbcc240b29a3ee7e3036c7da72021-12-02T15:07:52ZPlant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits10.1038/s41598-018-31041-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dd01c42fbcc240b29a3ee7e3036c7da72018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31041-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Studies reporting domestication effects on plant defences have focused on constitutive, but not on induced defences. However, theory predicts a trade-off between constitutive (CD) and induced defences (ID), which intrinsically links both defensive strategies and argues for their joint consideration in plant domestications studies. We measured constitutive and induced glucosinolates in wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea ssp. oleracea) and two domesticated varieties (B. oleracea var. acephala and B. oleracea var. capitata) in which the leaves have been selected to grow larger. We also estimated leaf area (proxy of leaf size) to assess size-defence trade-offs and whether domestication effects on defences are indirect via selection for larger leaves. Both CD and ID were lower in domesticated than in wild cabbage and they were negatively correlated (i.e. traded off) in all of the cabbage lines studied. Reductions in CD were similar in magnitude for leaves and stems, and CD and leaf size were uncorrelated. We conclude that domestication of cabbage has reduced levels not only constitutive defences but also their inducibility, and that reductions in CD may span organs not targeted by breeding. This reduction in defences in domesticated cabbage is presumably the result of direct selection rather than indirect effects via trade-offs between size and defences.Xoaquín MoreiraLuis Abdala-RobertsRieta GolsMarta FranciscoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Xoaquín Moreira Luis Abdala-Roberts Rieta Gols Marta Francisco Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
description	Abstract Studies reporting domestication effects on plant defences have focused on constitutive, but not on induced defences. However, theory predicts a trade-off between constitutive (CD) and induced defences (ID), which intrinsically links both defensive strategies and argues for their joint consideration in plant domestications studies. We measured constitutive and induced glucosinolates in wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea ssp. oleracea) and two domesticated varieties (B. oleracea var. acephala and B. oleracea var. capitata) in which the leaves have been selected to grow larger. We also estimated leaf area (proxy of leaf size) to assess size-defence trade-offs and whether domestication effects on defences are indirect via selection for larger leaves. Both CD and ID were lower in domesticated than in wild cabbage and they were negatively correlated (i.e. traded off) in all of the cabbage lines studied. Reductions in CD were similar in magnitude for leaves and stems, and CD and leaf size were uncorrelated. We conclude that domestication of cabbage has reduced levels not only constitutive defences but also their inducibility, and that reductions in CD may span organs not targeted by breeding. This reduction in defences in domesticated cabbage is presumably the result of direct selection rather than indirect effects via trade-offs between size and defences.
format	article
author	Xoaquín Moreira Luis Abdala-Roberts Rieta Gols Marta Francisco
author_facet	Xoaquín Moreira Luis Abdala-Roberts Rieta Gols Marta Francisco
author_sort	Xoaquín Moreira
title	Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
title_short	Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
title_full	Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
title_fullStr	Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
title_full_unstemmed	Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
title_sort	plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd01c42fbcc240b29a3ee7e3036c7da7
work_keys_str_mv	AT xoaquinmoreira plantdomesticationdecreasesbothconstitutiveandinducedchemicaldefencesbydirectselectionagainstdefensivetraits AT luisabdalaroberts plantdomesticationdecreasesbothconstitutiveandinducedchemicaldefencesbydirectselectionagainstdefensivetraits AT rietagols plantdomesticationdecreasesbothconstitutiveandinducedchemicaldefencesbydirectselectionagainstdefensivetraits AT martafrancisco plantdomesticationdecreasesbothconstitutiveandinducedchemicaldefencesbydirectselectionagainstdefensivetraits
_version_	1718388420830560256

Plant domestication decreases both constitutive and induced chemical defences by direct selection against defensive traits

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