Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.

Sandy beach ecological theory states that physical features of the beach control macrobenthic community structure on all but the most dissipative beaches. However, few studies have simultaneously evaluated the relative importance of physical, chemical and biological factors as potential explanatory...

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Autores principales:	Kelly Ortega Cisneros, Albertus J Smit, Jürgen Laudien, David S Schoeman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd08cf401a6f46dfbcdce3002eb3edc5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd08cf401a6f46dfbcdce3002eb3edc52021-11-18T06:47:44ZComplex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0023724https://doaj.org/article/dd08cf401a6f46dfbcdce3002eb3edc52011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21858213/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Sandy beach ecological theory states that physical features of the beach control macrobenthic community structure on all but the most dissipative beaches. However, few studies have simultaneously evaluated the relative importance of physical, chemical and biological factors as potential explanatory variables for meso-scale spatio-temporal patterns of intertidal community structure in these systems. Here, we investigate macroinfaunal community structure of a micro-tidal sandy beach that is located on an oligotrophic subtropical coast and is influenced by seasonal estuarine input. We repeatedly sampled biological and environmental variables at a series of beach transects arranged at increasing distances from the estuary mouth. Sampling took place over a period of five months, corresponding with the transition between the dry and wet season. This allowed assessment of biological-physical relationships across chemical and nutritional gradients associated with a range of estuarine inputs. Physical, chemical, and biological response variables, as well as measures of community structure, showed significant spatio-temporal patterns. In general, bivariate relationships between biological and environmental variables were rare and weak. However, multivariate correlation approaches identified a variety of environmental variables (i.e., sampling session, the C∶N ratio of particulate organic matter, dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations, various size fractions of photopigment concentrations, salinity and, to a lesser extent, beach width and sediment kurtosis) that either alone or combined provided significant explanatory power for spatio-temporal patterns of macroinfaunal community structure. Overall, these results showed that the macrobenthic community on Mtunzini Beach was not structured primarily by physical factors, but instead by a complex and dynamic blend of nutritional, chemical and physical drivers. This emphasises the need to recognise ocean-exposed sandy beaches as functional ecosystems in their own right.Kelly Ortega CisnerosAlbertus J SmitJürgen LaudienDavid S SchoemanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e23724 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kelly Ortega Cisneros Albertus J Smit Jürgen Laudien David S Schoeman Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
description	Sandy beach ecological theory states that physical features of the beach control macrobenthic community structure on all but the most dissipative beaches. However, few studies have simultaneously evaluated the relative importance of physical, chemical and biological factors as potential explanatory variables for meso-scale spatio-temporal patterns of intertidal community structure in these systems. Here, we investigate macroinfaunal community structure of a micro-tidal sandy beach that is located on an oligotrophic subtropical coast and is influenced by seasonal estuarine input. We repeatedly sampled biological and environmental variables at a series of beach transects arranged at increasing distances from the estuary mouth. Sampling took place over a period of five months, corresponding with the transition between the dry and wet season. This allowed assessment of biological-physical relationships across chemical and nutritional gradients associated with a range of estuarine inputs. Physical, chemical, and biological response variables, as well as measures of community structure, showed significant spatio-temporal patterns. In general, bivariate relationships between biological and environmental variables were rare and weak. However, multivariate correlation approaches identified a variety of environmental variables (i.e., sampling session, the C∶N ratio of particulate organic matter, dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations, various size fractions of photopigment concentrations, salinity and, to a lesser extent, beach width and sediment kurtosis) that either alone or combined provided significant explanatory power for spatio-temporal patterns of macroinfaunal community structure. Overall, these results showed that the macrobenthic community on Mtunzini Beach was not structured primarily by physical factors, but instead by a complex and dynamic blend of nutritional, chemical and physical drivers. This emphasises the need to recognise ocean-exposed sandy beaches as functional ecosystems in their own right.
format	article
author	Kelly Ortega Cisneros Albertus J Smit Jürgen Laudien David S Schoeman
author_facet	Kelly Ortega Cisneros Albertus J Smit Jürgen Laudien David S Schoeman
author_sort	Kelly Ortega Cisneros
title	Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
title_short	Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
title_full	Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
title_fullStr	Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
title_full_unstemmed	Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
title_sort	complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd08cf401a6f46dfbcdce3002eb3edc5
work_keys_str_mv	AT kellyortegacisneros complexdynamiccombinationofphysicalchemicalandnutritionalvariablescontrolsspatiotemporalvariationofsandybeachcommunitystructure AT albertusjsmit complexdynamiccombinationofphysicalchemicalandnutritionalvariablescontrolsspatiotemporalvariationofsandybeachcommunitystructure AT jurgenlaudien complexdynamiccombinationofphysicalchemicalandnutritionalvariablescontrolsspatiotemporalvariationofsandybeachcommunitystructure AT davidsschoeman complexdynamiccombinationofphysicalchemicalandnutritionalvariablescontrolsspatiotemporalvariationofsandybeachcommunitystructure
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Complex, dynamic combination of physical, chemical and nutritional variables controls spatio-temporal variation of sandy beach community structure.

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