Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)

WNT signaling pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is related to cancer progression; however, its diagnostic and prognostic potential have not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. In this study, multiple bioinformatic analyses were conducted to evaluate therapeutic value of DKK1 in human ca...

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Autores principales:	Shuang Gao, Ye Jin, Hongmei Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	DKK1 pan-cancer survival analysis immune infiltration biomarker Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd16189690a345ec974ebf515a4016fc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd16189690a345ec974ebf515a4016fc2021-11-30T20:47:49ZPan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)1664-802110.3389/fgene.2021.757897https://doaj.org/article/dd16189690a345ec974ebf515a4016fc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2021.757897/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-8021WNT signaling pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is related to cancer progression; however, its diagnostic and prognostic potential have not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. In this study, multiple bioinformatic analyses were conducted to evaluate therapeutic value of DKK1 in human cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project served as data resources. The Wilcoxon rank test was performed to evaluate the expression difference of DKK1 between cancer tissues and normal tissues. A Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression were used for prognosis evaluation. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to evaluate the association of DKK1 expression with the immune cell infiltration. The potential function of DKK1 was explored by STRING and clusterProfiler. We found that the expression level of DKK1 is significantly different in different cancer types. Importantly, we demonstrated that DKK1 is an independent risk factor in ESCA, LUAD, MESO, and STAD. Further analysis revealed that DKK1 had a large effect on the immune cell infiltration and markers of certain immune cells, such as Th1 and Th2 cells. PPI network analysis and further pathway enrichment analysis indicated that DKK1 was mainly involved in the WNT signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that DKK1 might serve as a marker of prognosis for certain cancers by affecting the WNT signaling pathway and tumor immune microenvironment.Shuang GaoYe JinHongmei ZhangHongmei ZhangHongmei ZhangFrontiers Media S.A.articleDKK1pan-cancersurvival analysisimmune infiltrationbiomarkerGeneticsQH426-470ENFrontiers in Genetics, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	DKK1 pan-cancer survival analysis immune infiltration biomarker Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	DKK1 pan-cancer survival analysis immune infiltration biomarker Genetics QH426-470 Shuang Gao Ye Jin Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
description	WNT signaling pathway inhibitor Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is related to cancer progression; however, its diagnostic and prognostic potential have not been investigated in a pan-cancer perspective. In this study, multiple bioinformatic analyses were conducted to evaluate therapeutic value of DKK1 in human cancers. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project served as data resources. The Wilcoxon rank test was performed to evaluate the expression difference of DKK1 between cancer tissues and normal tissues. A Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression were used for prognosis evaluation. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to evaluate the association of DKK1 expression with the immune cell infiltration. The potential function of DKK1 was explored by STRING and clusterProfiler. We found that the expression level of DKK1 is significantly different in different cancer types. Importantly, we demonstrated that DKK1 is an independent risk factor in ESCA, LUAD, MESO, and STAD. Further analysis revealed that DKK1 had a large effect on the immune cell infiltration and markers of certain immune cells, such as Th1 and Th2 cells. PPI network analysis and further pathway enrichment analysis indicated that DKK1 was mainly involved in the WNT signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that DKK1 might serve as a marker of prognosis for certain cancers by affecting the WNT signaling pathway and tumor immune microenvironment.
format	article
author	Shuang Gao Ye Jin Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang
author_facet	Shuang Gao Ye Jin Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang Hongmei Zhang
author_sort	Shuang Gao
title	Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
title_short	Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
title_full	Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
title_fullStr	Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
title_full_unstemmed	Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
title_sort	pan-cancer analyses reveal oncogenic and immunological role of dickkopf-1 (dkk1)
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd16189690a345ec974ebf515a4016fc
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Pan-Cancer Analyses Reveal Oncogenic and Immunological Role of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)

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