In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi

During the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the dissemination of Mucorales has been reported globally, with elevated rates of infection in India, and because of the high rate of mortality and morbidity, designing an effective vaccine against mucormycosis is a major health priority, especially f...

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Autores principales:	Mohamed A. Soltan, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Nada Elbassiouny, Hasnaa L. Kamel, Kareem M. Abdelraheem, Hanaa Abd El-Gayyed, Ahmed M. Gouda, Mohammed F. Sheha, Eman Fayad, Ola A. Abu Ali, Khalid Abd El Ghany, Dalia A. El-damasy, Khaled M. Darwish, Sameh S. Elhady, Ashraf E. Sileem
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mucormycosis immunoinformatics epitope mapping multitope vaccine COVID-19 pandemic Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd6b0fcee57447549491a70f8859ea5a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd6b0fcee57447549491a70f8859ea5a2021-11-25T17:10:25ZIn Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi10.3390/cells101130142073-4409https://doaj.org/article/dd6b0fcee57447549491a70f8859ea5a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3014https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409During the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the dissemination of Mucorales has been reported globally, with elevated rates of infection in India, and because of the high rate of mortality and morbidity, designing an effective vaccine against mucormycosis is a major health priority, especially for immunocompromised patients. In the current study, we studied shared Mucorales proteins, which have been reported as virulence factors, and after analysis of several virulent proteins for their antigenicity and subcellular localization, we selected spore coat (CotH) and serine protease (SP) proteins as the targets of epitope mapping. The current study proposes a vaccine constructed based on top-ranking cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL), and B cell lymphocyte (BCL) epitopes from filtered proteins. In addition to the selected epitopes, β-defensins adjuvant and PADRE peptide were included in the constructed vaccine to improve the stimulated immune response. Computational tools were used to estimate the physicochemical and immunological features of the proposed vaccine and validate its binding with TLR-2, where the output data of these assessments potentiate the probability of the constructed vaccine to stimulate a specific immune response against mucormycosis. Here, we demonstrate the approach of potential vaccine construction and assessment through computational tools, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of a proposed vaccine against mucormycosis based on the immunoinformatics approach.Mohamed A. SoltanMuhammad Alaa EldeenNada ElbassiounyHasnaa L. KamelKareem M. AbdelraheemHanaa Abd El-GayyedAhmed M. GoudaMohammed F. ShehaEman FayadOla A. Abu AliKhalid Abd El GhanyDalia A. El-damasyKhaled M. DarwishSameh S. ElhadyAshraf E. SileemMDPI AGarticlemucormycosisimmunoinformaticsepitope mappingmultitope vaccineCOVID-19 pandemicBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 3014, p 3014 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mucormycosis immunoinformatics epitope mapping multitope vaccine COVID-19 pandemic Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	mucormycosis immunoinformatics epitope mapping multitope vaccine COVID-19 pandemic Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mohamed A. Soltan Muhammad Alaa Eldeen Nada Elbassiouny Hasnaa L. Kamel Kareem M. Abdelraheem Hanaa Abd El-Gayyed Ahmed M. Gouda Mohammed F. Sheha Eman Fayad Ola A. Abu Ali Khalid Abd El Ghany Dalia A. El-damasy Khaled M. Darwish Sameh S. Elhady Ashraf E. Sileem In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
description	During the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the dissemination of Mucorales has been reported globally, with elevated rates of infection in India, and because of the high rate of mortality and morbidity, designing an effective vaccine against mucormycosis is a major health priority, especially for immunocompromised patients. In the current study, we studied shared Mucorales proteins, which have been reported as virulence factors, and after analysis of several virulent proteins for their antigenicity and subcellular localization, we selected spore coat (CotH) and serine protease (SP) proteins as the targets of epitope mapping. The current study proposes a vaccine constructed based on top-ranking cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), helper T lymphocyte (HTL), and B cell lymphocyte (BCL) epitopes from filtered proteins. In addition to the selected epitopes, β-defensins adjuvant and PADRE peptide were included in the constructed vaccine to improve the stimulated immune response. Computational tools were used to estimate the physicochemical and immunological features of the proposed vaccine and validate its binding with TLR-2, where the output data of these assessments potentiate the probability of the constructed vaccine to stimulate a specific immune response against mucormycosis. Here, we demonstrate the approach of potential vaccine construction and assessment through computational tools, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of a proposed vaccine against mucormycosis based on the immunoinformatics approach.
format	article
author	Mohamed A. Soltan Muhammad Alaa Eldeen Nada Elbassiouny Hasnaa L. Kamel Kareem M. Abdelraheem Hanaa Abd El-Gayyed Ahmed M. Gouda Mohammed F. Sheha Eman Fayad Ola A. Abu Ali Khalid Abd El Ghany Dalia A. El-damasy Khaled M. Darwish Sameh S. Elhady Ashraf E. Sileem
author_facet	Mohamed A. Soltan Muhammad Alaa Eldeen Nada Elbassiouny Hasnaa L. Kamel Kareem M. Abdelraheem Hanaa Abd El-Gayyed Ahmed M. Gouda Mohammed F. Sheha Eman Fayad Ola A. Abu Ali Khalid Abd El Ghany Dalia A. El-damasy Khaled M. Darwish Sameh S. Elhady Ashraf E. Sileem
author_sort	Mohamed A. Soltan
title	In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
title_short	In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
title_full	In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
title_fullStr	In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
title_full_unstemmed	In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi
title_sort	in silico designing of a multitope vaccine against <i>rhizopus microsporus</i> with potential activity against other mucormycosis causing fungi
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd6b0fcee57447549491a70f8859ea5a
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In Silico Designing of a Multitope Vaccine against <i>Rhizopus microsporus</i> with Potential Activity against Other Mucormycosis Causing Fungi

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