Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production

Introduction. Low seedbed temperatures at the planting and the direct sowing method can reduce the sweet corn germination. Transplanting may offer optimum environmental conditions for seed germination, early crop maturity, and increase sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharata) productivity. Boron d...

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Autores principales:	Aziz Mahdi Al-Shammari, Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi, Solieman Daowd Najm Abdullah
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	ES
Publicado:	Universidad de Costa Rica 2021
Materias:	cultivation method direct sowing fertilization grain yield Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd772cb58f544a0a9edf2d622a488f91
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd772cb58f544a0a9edf2d622a488f912021-12-01T01:34:35ZTransplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production10.15517/am.v33i1.456331021-74442215-3608https://doaj.org/article/dd772cb58f544a0a9edf2d622a488f912021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/agromeso/article/view/45633https://doaj.org/toc/1021-7444https://doaj.org/toc/2215-3608 Introduction. Low seedbed temperatures at the planting and the direct sowing method can reduce the sweet corn germination. Transplanting may offer optimum environmental conditions for seed germination, early crop maturity, and increase sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharata) productivity. Boron deficiency depresses sweet corn yield through male sterility. Objective. To evaluate the effect of transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn production. Materials and methods. A field experiment was conducted from March 19 to June 20, 2020 at the Research Station of Horticulture Department and Landscape Gardening Architecture, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq. Direct sowing and transplanting, and foliar application of boron at 0, 50, or 75 mg L-1 was evaluated to determine effects on the yield, the yield components, and water use efficiency of sweet corn cultivars: Roi Soleal, Seker misir, and Succar. Results. The cv. Seker Misir matured faster (57.5 days), had wider ears (4.53 cm), more kernel rows (16.0), the highest kernel yield (6.00 t ha-1), and a higher water use efficiency (WUE) (2.85 kg m-3). The cv. Succar had the longest ears (18.48 cm) and the heaviest fresh ears (251 g). Transplanting hastened the time to maturity (54.18 days), and produced the longest ears (17.91 cm), widest ears (4.52 cm), most kernel rows (15.96), heaviest fresh ears (229 g), the highest kernel yield (5.56 t ha-1), and the highest WUE (2.64 kg m-3). The 50 mg L-1 fertilizer treatment produced the longest ears (17.61 cm), widest ears (4.58 cm), more kernel rows (16.61), the highest kernel yield (5.64 t ha-1), and the highest WUE (2.68 kg m-3). The least time to maturity (57.72 days) and heaviest fresh ears (232 g) occurred with 75 mg L-1 of boron fertilizer. Conclusion. The use of 50 mg L-1 boron, as a foliar fertilizer, appears to be, next to the transplanting method, suitable for the cultivation of sweet corn plants to increase productivity and WUE. Aziz Mahdi Al-ShammariGhassan Jaafar HamdiSolieman Daowd Najm AbdullahUniversidad de Costa Ricaarticlecultivation methoddirect sowingfertilizationgrain yieldAgricultureSESAgronomía Mesoamericana, Vol 33, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	ES
topic	cultivation method direct sowing fertilization grain yield Agriculture S
spellingShingle	cultivation method direct sowing fertilization grain yield Agriculture S Aziz Mahdi Al-Shammari Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi Solieman Daowd Najm Abdullah Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
description	Introduction. Low seedbed temperatures at the planting and the direct sowing method can reduce the sweet corn germination. Transplanting may offer optimum environmental conditions for seed germination, early crop maturity, and increase sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharata) productivity. Boron deficiency depresses sweet corn yield through male sterility. Objective. To evaluate the effect of transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn production. Materials and methods. A field experiment was conducted from March 19 to June 20, 2020 at the Research Station of Horticulture Department and Landscape Gardening Architecture, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq. Direct sowing and transplanting, and foliar application of boron at 0, 50, or 75 mg L-1 was evaluated to determine effects on the yield, the yield components, and water use efficiency of sweet corn cultivars: Roi Soleal, Seker misir, and Succar. Results. The cv. Seker Misir matured faster (57.5 days), had wider ears (4.53 cm), more kernel rows (16.0), the highest kernel yield (6.00 t ha-1), and a higher water use efficiency (WUE) (2.85 kg m-3). The cv. Succar had the longest ears (18.48 cm) and the heaviest fresh ears (251 g). Transplanting hastened the time to maturity (54.18 days), and produced the longest ears (17.91 cm), widest ears (4.52 cm), most kernel rows (15.96), heaviest fresh ears (229 g), the highest kernel yield (5.56 t ha-1), and the highest WUE (2.64 kg m-3). The 50 mg L-1 fertilizer treatment produced the longest ears (17.61 cm), widest ears (4.58 cm), more kernel rows (16.61), the highest kernel yield (5.64 t ha-1), and the highest WUE (2.68 kg m-3). The least time to maturity (57.72 days) and heaviest fresh ears (232 g) occurred with 75 mg L-1 of boron fertilizer. Conclusion. The use of 50 mg L-1 boron, as a foliar fertilizer, appears to be, next to the transplanting method, suitable for the cultivation of sweet corn plants to increase productivity and WUE.
format	article
author	Aziz Mahdi Al-Shammari Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi Solieman Daowd Najm Abdullah
author_facet	Aziz Mahdi Al-Shammari Ghassan Jaafar Hamdi Solieman Daowd Najm Abdullah
author_sort	Aziz Mahdi Al-Shammari
title	Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
title_short	Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
title_full	Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
title_fullStr	Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
title_full_unstemmed	Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production
title_sort	transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (zea mays l. group saccharate) production
publisher	Universidad de Costa Rica
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd772cb58f544a0a9edf2d622a488f91
work_keys_str_mv	AT azizmahdialshammari transplantingandtheadditionofboroninsweetcornzeamayslgroupsaccharateproduction AT ghassanjaafarhamdi transplantingandtheadditionofboroninsweetcornzeamayslgroupsaccharateproduction AT soliemandaowdnajmabdullah transplantingandtheadditionofboroninsweetcornzeamayslgroupsaccharateproduction
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Transplanting and the addition of boron in sweet corn (Zea mays L. group saccharate) production

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