The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation

Abstract Platelets, the chief effector of hemostasis, are small anucleate blood cells generated from megakaryocytes (MKs), and the defects in platelet production or function lead to a variety of bleeding complications. Emerging evidence indicates that MKs and platelets are much more diverse than pre...

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Autores principales:	Cuicui Liu, Baiming Huang, Hongtao Wang, Jiaxi Zhou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	heterogeneity human pluripotent stem cells megakaryocytes platelets Medicine (General) R5-920 Cytology QH573-671
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd78647a8b37494daa94229ba6ffd25f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd78647a8b37494daa94229ba6ffd25f2021-12-03T12:11:46ZThe heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation2157-65802157-656410.1002/sctm.21-0264https://doaj.org/article/dd78647a8b37494daa94229ba6ffd25f2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/sctm.21-0264https://doaj.org/toc/2157-6564https://doaj.org/toc/2157-6580Abstract Platelets, the chief effector of hemostasis, are small anucleate blood cells generated from megakaryocytes (MKs), and the defects in platelet production or function lead to a variety of bleeding complications. Emerging evidence indicates that MKs and platelets are much more diverse than previously appreciated and involved in many physiological and pathological processes besides hemostasis, such as innate and adaptive immune responses, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis, while the ontogenic variations in MK and platelet function have also become a focus in the field. However, whether MKs and platelets fulfill these distinct functions by utilizing distinct subpopulations remains poorly understood. New studies aimed at deciphering the MK transcriptome at the single‐cell level have provided some key insights into the functional heterogeneity of MKs. In this review, we will discuss some of the recent discoveries of functional and developmental heterogeneity of MKs and its potential link to the heterogeneity of platelets. We will also discuss the implications of these findings while focusing on the ex vivo generation of platelets from human pluripotent stem cells. The improved understanding of the heterogeneity underlying human MK development and platelet production should open new avenues for future platelet regeneration and clinical treatment of related diseases.Cuicui LiuBaiming HuangHongtao WangJiaxi ZhouWileyarticleheterogeneityhuman pluripotent stem cellsmegakaryocytesplateletsMedicine (General)R5-920CytologyQH573-671ENStem Cells Translational Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 12, Pp 1614-1620 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	heterogeneity human pluripotent stem cells megakaryocytes platelets Medicine (General) R5-920 Cytology QH573-671
spellingShingle	heterogeneity human pluripotent stem cells megakaryocytes platelets Medicine (General) R5-920 Cytology QH573-671 Cuicui Liu Baiming Huang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
description	Abstract Platelets, the chief effector of hemostasis, are small anucleate blood cells generated from megakaryocytes (MKs), and the defects in platelet production or function lead to a variety of bleeding complications. Emerging evidence indicates that MKs and platelets are much more diverse than previously appreciated and involved in many physiological and pathological processes besides hemostasis, such as innate and adaptive immune responses, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis, while the ontogenic variations in MK and platelet function have also become a focus in the field. However, whether MKs and platelets fulfill these distinct functions by utilizing distinct subpopulations remains poorly understood. New studies aimed at deciphering the MK transcriptome at the single‐cell level have provided some key insights into the functional heterogeneity of MKs. In this review, we will discuss some of the recent discoveries of functional and developmental heterogeneity of MKs and its potential link to the heterogeneity of platelets. We will also discuss the implications of these findings while focusing on the ex vivo generation of platelets from human pluripotent stem cells. The improved understanding of the heterogeneity underlying human MK development and platelet production should open new avenues for future platelet regeneration and clinical treatment of related diseases.
format	article
author	Cuicui Liu Baiming Huang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou
author_facet	Cuicui Liu Baiming Huang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou
author_sort	Cuicui Liu
title	The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
title_short	The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
title_full	The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
title_fullStr	The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
title_full_unstemmed	The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
title_sort	heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd78647a8b37494daa94229ba6ffd25f
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The heterogeneity of megakaryocytes and platelets and implications for ex vivo platelet generation

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