Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia

The main objectives of this study were to determine the floristic composition of the vegetation cover and to find the effects of wastewater pollution on the plant community structure in eastern Saudi Arabia. 28 stands which were distributed among polluted and unpolluted sites, were chosen for this s...

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Autores principales:	Khaled A. Al-Akeel, Mohamed A. Al-Fredan, El-Sayed M. Desoky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Floristic composition Wastewater pollution Heavy metal content Plant community structure Plant diversity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dd99e876957c401b9bd03d1b1bbfb244
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dd99e876957c401b9bd03d1b1bbfb2442021-11-20T04:57:15ZImpact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia1319-562X10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.059https://doaj.org/article/dd99e876957c401b9bd03d1b1bbfb2442021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X21007476https://doaj.org/toc/1319-562XThe main objectives of this study were to determine the floristic composition of the vegetation cover and to find the effects of wastewater pollution on the plant community structure in eastern Saudi Arabia. 28 stands which were distributed among polluted and unpolluted sites, were chosen for this study. A total of 42 plant species were recorded (14 in the polluted and 28 in the unpolluted sites). The recorded plants comprised of 13 perennial plant species and 29 annual plant species. Seven vegetation communities were determined using TWINSPAN and DCA classification and ordination techniques. Three in the polluted sites, two in the unpolluted sites and the remaining two were mixed communities. The (Sarcopoterium spinosum – Pistacia len‐tiscus) community in the polluted sites, had the highest values of soil moisture, salinity, sulphate, calcium and potassium. On the other hand, Juniperus phoenicea – Olea europaea community in the unpolluted site, had the lowest value of organic matter, salinity and magnesium. In respect of genetic diversity, the community of Foeniculum vulgare - Nicotiana glauca in the unpolluted site, was the most diverse, while Ricinus communis - Chrysanthemum coronarium in the polluted sites was the least one. Both soil and wastewater heavy metal analysis indicated that Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni concentrations in the polluted sites were significantly higher than those in the unpolluted ones. The impact of wastewater discharge led to the appearance of new invasive plant species that may significantly affect plant diversity and community structure in eastern Saudi Arabia. Finally wastewater discharge in open rangelands could adversely affect the growth of plant species in the rangelands and thus adversely affect plant community structure and diversity.Khaled A. Al-AkeelMohamed A. Al-FredanEl-Sayed M. DesokyElsevierarticleFloristic compositionWastewater pollutionHeavy metal contentPlant community structurePlant diversityBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENSaudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 12, Pp 7367-7372 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Floristic composition Wastewater pollution Heavy metal content Plant community structure Plant diversity Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Floristic composition Wastewater pollution Heavy metal content Plant community structure Plant diversity Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Khaled A. Al-Akeel Mohamed A. Al-Fredan El-Sayed M. Desoky Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
description	The main objectives of this study were to determine the floristic composition of the vegetation cover and to find the effects of wastewater pollution on the plant community structure in eastern Saudi Arabia. 28 stands which were distributed among polluted and unpolluted sites, were chosen for this study. A total of 42 plant species were recorded (14 in the polluted and 28 in the unpolluted sites). The recorded plants comprised of 13 perennial plant species and 29 annual plant species. Seven vegetation communities were determined using TWINSPAN and DCA classification and ordination techniques. Three in the polluted sites, two in the unpolluted sites and the remaining two were mixed communities. The (Sarcopoterium spinosum – Pistacia len‐tiscus) community in the polluted sites, had the highest values of soil moisture, salinity, sulphate, calcium and potassium. On the other hand, Juniperus phoenicea – Olea europaea community in the unpolluted site, had the lowest value of organic matter, salinity and magnesium. In respect of genetic diversity, the community of Foeniculum vulgare - Nicotiana glauca in the unpolluted site, was the most diverse, while Ricinus communis - Chrysanthemum coronarium in the polluted sites was the least one. Both soil and wastewater heavy metal analysis indicated that Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni concentrations in the polluted sites were significantly higher than those in the unpolluted ones. The impact of wastewater discharge led to the appearance of new invasive plant species that may significantly affect plant diversity and community structure in eastern Saudi Arabia. Finally wastewater discharge in open rangelands could adversely affect the growth of plant species in the rangelands and thus adversely affect plant community structure and diversity.
format	article
author	Khaled A. Al-Akeel Mohamed A. Al-Fredan El-Sayed M. Desoky
author_facet	Khaled A. Al-Akeel Mohamed A. Al-Fredan El-Sayed M. Desoky
author_sort	Khaled A. Al-Akeel
title	Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
title_short	Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
title_full	Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr	Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia
title_sort	impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern saudi arabia
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dd99e876957c401b9bd03d1b1bbfb244
work_keys_str_mv	AT khaledaalakeel impactofwastewaterdischargeontheplantdiversitycommunitystructureandheavymetalpollutionofrangeplantsineasternsaudiarabia AT mohamedaalfredan impactofwastewaterdischargeontheplantdiversitycommunitystructureandheavymetalpollutionofrangeplantsineasternsaudiarabia AT elsayedmdesoky impactofwastewaterdischargeontheplantdiversitycommunitystructureandheavymetalpollutionofrangeplantsineasternsaudiarabia
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Impact of wastewater discharge on the plant diversity, community structure and heavy metal pollution of range plants in eastern Saudi Arabia

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