Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia

Abstract Water, methane, and ammonia are commonly considered to be the key components of the interiors of Uranus and Neptune. Modelling the planets’ internal structure, evolution, and dynamo heavily relies on the properties of the complex mixtures with uncertain exact composition in their deep inter...

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Autores principales:	M. Guarguaglini, J.-A. Hernandez, T. Okuchi, P. Barroso, A. Benuzzi-Mounaix, M. Bethkenhagen, R. Bolis, E. Brambrink, M. French, Y. Fujimoto, R. Kodama, M. Koenig, F. Lefevre, K. Miyanishi, N. Ozaki, R. Redmer, T. Sano, Y. Umeda, T. Vinci, A. Ravasio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dda2e805f1f44050b8985eb50b54102b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dda2e805f1f44050b8985eb50b54102b2021-12-02T15:07:54ZLaser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia10.1038/s41598-019-46561-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dda2e805f1f44050b8985eb50b54102b2019-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46561-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Water, methane, and ammonia are commonly considered to be the key components of the interiors of Uranus and Neptune. Modelling the planets’ internal structure, evolution, and dynamo heavily relies on the properties of the complex mixtures with uncertain exact composition in their deep interiors. Therefore, characterising icy mixtures with varying composition at planetary conditions of several hundred gigapascal and a few thousand Kelvin is crucial to improve our understanding of the ice giants. In this work, pure water, a water-ethanol mixture, and a water-ethanol-ammonia “synthetic planetary mixture” (SPM) have been compressed through laser-driven decaying shocks along their principal Hugoniot curves up to 270, 280, and 260 GPa, respectively. Measured temperatures spanned from 4000 to 25000 K, just above the coldest predicted adiabatic Uranus and Neptune profiles (3000–4000 K) but more similar to those predicted by more recent models including a thermal boundary layer (7000–14000 K). The experiments were performed at the GEKKO XII and LULI2000 laser facilities using standard optical diagnostics (Doppler velocimetry and optical pyrometry) to measure the thermodynamic state and the shock-front reflectivity at two different wavelengths. The results show that water and the mixtures undergo a similar compression path under single shock loading in agreement with Density Functional Theory Molecular Dynamics (DFT-MD) calculations using the Linear Mixing Approximation (LMA). On the contrary, their shock-front reflectivities behave differently by what concerns both the onset pressures and the saturation values, with possible impact on planetary dynamos.M. GuarguagliniJ.-A. HernandezT. OkuchiP. BarrosoA. Benuzzi-MounaixM. BethkenhagenR. BolisE. BrambrinkM. FrenchY. FujimotoR. KodamaM. KoenigF. LefevreK. MiyanishiN. OzakiR. RedmerT. SanoY. UmedaT. VinciA. RavasioNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q M. Guarguaglini J.-A. Hernandez T. Okuchi P. Barroso A. Benuzzi-Mounaix M. Bethkenhagen R. Bolis E. Brambrink M. French Y. Fujimoto R. Kodama M. Koenig F. Lefevre K. Miyanishi N. Ozaki R. Redmer T. Sano Y. Umeda T. Vinci A. Ravasio Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
description	Abstract Water, methane, and ammonia are commonly considered to be the key components of the interiors of Uranus and Neptune. Modelling the planets’ internal structure, evolution, and dynamo heavily relies on the properties of the complex mixtures with uncertain exact composition in their deep interiors. Therefore, characterising icy mixtures with varying composition at planetary conditions of several hundred gigapascal and a few thousand Kelvin is crucial to improve our understanding of the ice giants. In this work, pure water, a water-ethanol mixture, and a water-ethanol-ammonia “synthetic planetary mixture” (SPM) have been compressed through laser-driven decaying shocks along their principal Hugoniot curves up to 270, 280, and 260 GPa, respectively. Measured temperatures spanned from 4000 to 25000 K, just above the coldest predicted adiabatic Uranus and Neptune profiles (3000–4000 K) but more similar to those predicted by more recent models including a thermal boundary layer (7000–14000 K). The experiments were performed at the GEKKO XII and LULI2000 laser facilities using standard optical diagnostics (Doppler velocimetry and optical pyrometry) to measure the thermodynamic state and the shock-front reflectivity at two different wavelengths. The results show that water and the mixtures undergo a similar compression path under single shock loading in agreement with Density Functional Theory Molecular Dynamics (DFT-MD) calculations using the Linear Mixing Approximation (LMA). On the contrary, their shock-front reflectivities behave differently by what concerns both the onset pressures and the saturation values, with possible impact on planetary dynamos.
format	article
author	M. Guarguaglini J.-A. Hernandez T. Okuchi P. Barroso A. Benuzzi-Mounaix M. Bethkenhagen R. Bolis E. Brambrink M. French Y. Fujimoto R. Kodama M. Koenig F. Lefevre K. Miyanishi N. Ozaki R. Redmer T. Sano Y. Umeda T. Vinci A. Ravasio
author_facet	M. Guarguaglini J.-A. Hernandez T. Okuchi P. Barroso A. Benuzzi-Mounaix M. Bethkenhagen R. Bolis E. Brambrink M. French Y. Fujimoto R. Kodama M. Koenig F. Lefevre K. Miyanishi N. Ozaki R. Redmer T. Sano Y. Umeda T. Vinci A. Ravasio
author_sort	M. Guarguaglini
title	Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
title_short	Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
title_full	Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
title_fullStr	Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
title_full_unstemmed	Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
title_sort	laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/dda2e805f1f44050b8985eb50b54102b
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Laser-driven shock compression of “synthetic planetary mixtures” of water, ethanol, and ammonia

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