Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum

Abstract Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral g...

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Autores principales:	Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska, Robert Hasterok
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ddb9e7dd89c1443f9ee9a05234f2ac5b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ddb9e7dd89c1443f9ee9a05234f2ac5b2021-12-02T15:06:17ZEpigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum10.1038/s41598-017-05413-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ddb9e7dd89c1443f9ee9a05234f2ac5b2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05413-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral genomes occurs. Although more than 80 years have passed since the discovery of ND, there is still a significant lack in our understanding of the mechanisms that determine this phenomenon. Here, we aimed to investigate the epigenetic status of 35S rRNA gene loci in the monocotyledonous Brachypodium hybridum, which is an allotetraploid that has resulted from a cross between B. distachyon and B. stacei. We revealed that the repressed B. stacei-inherited rDNA loci are characterised by a high level of DNA methylation. The global hypomethylation of B. hybridum nuclear DNA induced by 5-azacytidine, however, seems to be insufficient for the transcriptional reactivation of these loci, which indicates that factors other than DNA methylation are behind the suppression of B. stacei-originated loci. We also showed that the transcriptionally active and silenced fractions of rRNA genes that had been inherited from B. distachyon occupy different domains within the chromocentres adjacent to the nucleolus, depending on their epigenetic status.Natalia Borowska-ZuchowskaRobert HasterokNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska Robert Hasterok Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
description	Abstract Nucleolar dominance (ND), initially described as ‘differential amphiplasty’, is a phenomenon observed in some plant and animal allopolyploids and hybrids in which the selective suppression of the activity of 35S rRNA gene loci that have been inherited from one of the two or more ancestral genomes occurs. Although more than 80 years have passed since the discovery of ND, there is still a significant lack in our understanding of the mechanisms that determine this phenomenon. Here, we aimed to investigate the epigenetic status of 35S rRNA gene loci in the monocotyledonous Brachypodium hybridum, which is an allotetraploid that has resulted from a cross between B. distachyon and B. stacei. We revealed that the repressed B. stacei-inherited rDNA loci are characterised by a high level of DNA methylation. The global hypomethylation of B. hybridum nuclear DNA induced by 5-azacytidine, however, seems to be insufficient for the transcriptional reactivation of these loci, which indicates that factors other than DNA methylation are behind the suppression of B. stacei-originated loci. We also showed that the transcriptionally active and silenced fractions of rRNA genes that had been inherited from B. distachyon occupy different domains within the chromocentres adjacent to the nucleolus, depending on their epigenetic status.
format	article
author	Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska Robert Hasterok
author_facet	Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska Robert Hasterok
author_sort	Natalia Borowska-Zuchowska
title	Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
title_short	Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
title_full	Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
title_fullStr	Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
title_full_unstemmed	Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum
title_sort	epigenetics of the preferential silencing of brachypodium stacei-originated 35s rdna loci in the allotetraploid grass brachypodium hybridum
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/ddb9e7dd89c1443f9ee9a05234f2ac5b
work_keys_str_mv	AT nataliaborowskazuchowska epigeneticsofthepreferentialsilencingofbrachypodiumstaceioriginated35srdnalociintheallotetraploidgrassbrachypodiumhybridum AT roberthasterok epigeneticsofthepreferentialsilencingofbrachypodiumstaceioriginated35srdnalociintheallotetraploidgrassbrachypodiumhybridum
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Epigenetics of the preferential silencing of Brachypodium stacei-originated 35S rDNA loci in the allotetraploid grass Brachypodium hybridum

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