Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events

Streptococcus iniae is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of increasing concern for aquaculture and has caused several epizootics in reef fishes from the Caribbean, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. To study the population structure, introduction pathways and evolution of S. iniae over recurring epizooti...

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Autores principales:	Solène Irion, Oleksandra Silayeva, Michael Sweet, Pascale Chabanet, Andrew C. Barnes, Pablo Tortosa, Mathieu G. Séré
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Streptococcus iniae MLST epizootics reef fish aquaculture Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ddc4466b01ca48c4ada48a79aa3e8c02
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ddc4466b01ca48c4ada48a79aa3e8c022021-11-04T09:30:55ZMolecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.749734https://doaj.org/article/ddc4466b01ca48c4ada48a79aa3e8c022021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.749734/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XStreptococcus iniae is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of increasing concern for aquaculture and has caused several epizootics in reef fishes from the Caribbean, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. To study the population structure, introduction pathways and evolution of S. iniae over recurring epizootics on Reunion Island, we developed and validated a Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) panel using genomic data obtained from 89 isolates sampled during epizootics occurring over the past 40years in Australia, Asia, the United States, Israel and Reunion Island. We selected eight housekeeping loci, which resulted in the greatest variation across the main S. iniae phylogenetic clades highlighted by the whole genomic dataset. We then applied the developed MLST to investigate the origin of S. iniae responsible for four epizootics on Reunion Island, first in inland aquaculture and then on the reefs from 1996 to 2014. Results suggest at least two independent S. iniae emergence events occurred on the island. Molecular data support that the first epizootic resulted from an introduction, with inland freshwater aquaculture facilities acting as a stepping-stone. Such an event may have been facilitated by the ecological flexibility of S. iniae, able to survive in both fresh and marine waters and the ability of the pathogen to infect multiple host species. By contrast, the second epizootic was associated with a distinct ST of cosmopolitan distribution that may have emerged as a result of environment disturbance. This novel tool will be effective at investigating recurrent epizootics occurring within a given environment or country that is despite the fact that S. iniae appears to have low genetic diversity within its lineage.Solène IrionSolène IrionOleksandra SilayevaMichael SweetPascale ChabanetAndrew C. BarnesPablo TortosaMathieu G. SéréMathieu G. SéréFrontiers Media S.A.articleStreptococcus iniaeMLSTepizooticsreef fishaquacultureMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Streptococcus iniae MLST epizootics reef fish aquaculture Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Streptococcus iniae MLST epizootics reef fish aquaculture Microbiology QR1-502 Solène Irion Solène Irion Oleksandra Silayeva Michael Sweet Pascale Chabanet Andrew C. Barnes Pablo Tortosa Mathieu G. Séré Mathieu G. Séré Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
description	Streptococcus iniae is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of increasing concern for aquaculture and has caused several epizootics in reef fishes from the Caribbean, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. To study the population structure, introduction pathways and evolution of S. iniae over recurring epizootics on Reunion Island, we developed and validated a Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) panel using genomic data obtained from 89 isolates sampled during epizootics occurring over the past 40years in Australia, Asia, the United States, Israel and Reunion Island. We selected eight housekeeping loci, which resulted in the greatest variation across the main S. iniae phylogenetic clades highlighted by the whole genomic dataset. We then applied the developed MLST to investigate the origin of S. iniae responsible for four epizootics on Reunion Island, first in inland aquaculture and then on the reefs from 1996 to 2014. Results suggest at least two independent S. iniae emergence events occurred on the island. Molecular data support that the first epizootic resulted from an introduction, with inland freshwater aquaculture facilities acting as a stepping-stone. Such an event may have been facilitated by the ecological flexibility of S. iniae, able to survive in both fresh and marine waters and the ability of the pathogen to infect multiple host species. By contrast, the second epizootic was associated with a distinct ST of cosmopolitan distribution that may have emerged as a result of environment disturbance. This novel tool will be effective at investigating recurrent epizootics occurring within a given environment or country that is despite the fact that S. iniae appears to have low genetic diversity within its lineage.
format	article
author	Solène Irion Solène Irion Oleksandra Silayeva Michael Sweet Pascale Chabanet Andrew C. Barnes Pablo Tortosa Mathieu G. Séré Mathieu G. Séré
author_facet	Solène Irion Solène Irion Oleksandra Silayeva Michael Sweet Pascale Chabanet Andrew C. Barnes Pablo Tortosa Mathieu G. Séré Mathieu G. Séré
author_sort	Solène Irion
title	Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
title_short	Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
title_full	Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
title_fullStr	Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events
title_sort	molecular investigation of recurrent streptococcus iniae epizootics affecting coral reef fish on an oceanic island suggests at least two distinct emergence events
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ddc4466b01ca48c4ada48a79aa3e8c02
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Molecular Investigation of Recurrent Streptococcus iniae Epizootics Affecting Coral Reef Fish on an Oceanic Island Suggests at Least Two Distinct Emergence Events

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