Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders

Abstract Kingdom of Tonga in Polynesia is one of the most obese nations where metabolic conditions, sedentary lifestyles, and poor quality diet are widespread. These factors can lead to poor musculoskeletal health. However, whether metabolic abnormalities such as osteoporosis occurred in archaeologi...

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Autores principales:	Justyna J. Miszkiewicz, Frédérique Valentin, Christina Vrahnas, Natalie A. Sims, Jitraporn Vongsvivut, Mark J. Tobin, Geoffrey Clark
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de1451ede0b04c439ebebcdde56d42ad
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de1451ede0b04c439ebebcdde56d42ad2021-12-02T14:03:59ZBone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders10.1038/s41598-021-83264-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/de1451ede0b04c439ebebcdde56d42ad2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83264-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Kingdom of Tonga in Polynesia is one of the most obese nations where metabolic conditions, sedentary lifestyles, and poor quality diet are widespread. These factors can lead to poor musculoskeletal health. However, whether metabolic abnormalities such as osteoporosis occurred in archaeological populations of Tonga is unknown. We employed a microscopic investigation of femur samples to establish whether bone loss afflicted humans in this Pacific region approximately 3000 years ago. Histology, laser confocal microscopy, and synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy were used to measure bone vascular canal densities, bone porosity, and carbonate and phosphate content of bone composition in eight samples extracted from adult Talasiu males and females dated to 2650 BP. Compared to males, samples from females had fewer vascular canals, lower carbonate and phosphate content, and higher bone porosity. Although both sexes showed evidence of trabecularised cortical bone, it was more widespread in females (35.5%) than males (15.8%). Our data suggest experiences of advanced bone resorption, possibly as a result of osteoporosis. This provides first evidence for microscopic bone loss in a sample of archaeological humans from a Pacific population widely afflicted by metabolic conditions today.Justyna J. MiszkiewiczFrédérique ValentinChristina VrahnasNatalie A. SimsJitraporn VongsvivutMark J. TobinGeoffrey ClarkNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Justyna J. Miszkiewicz Frédérique Valentin Christina Vrahnas Natalie A. Sims Jitraporn Vongsvivut Mark J. Tobin Geoffrey Clark Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
description	Abstract Kingdom of Tonga in Polynesia is one of the most obese nations where metabolic conditions, sedentary lifestyles, and poor quality diet are widespread. These factors can lead to poor musculoskeletal health. However, whether metabolic abnormalities such as osteoporosis occurred in archaeological populations of Tonga is unknown. We employed a microscopic investigation of femur samples to establish whether bone loss afflicted humans in this Pacific region approximately 3000 years ago. Histology, laser confocal microscopy, and synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy were used to measure bone vascular canal densities, bone porosity, and carbonate and phosphate content of bone composition in eight samples extracted from adult Talasiu males and females dated to 2650 BP. Compared to males, samples from females had fewer vascular canals, lower carbonate and phosphate content, and higher bone porosity. Although both sexes showed evidence of trabecularised cortical bone, it was more widespread in females (35.5%) than males (15.8%). Our data suggest experiences of advanced bone resorption, possibly as a result of osteoporosis. This provides first evidence for microscopic bone loss in a sample of archaeological humans from a Pacific population widely afflicted by metabolic conditions today.
format	article
author	Justyna J. Miszkiewicz Frédérique Valentin Christina Vrahnas Natalie A. Sims Jitraporn Vongsvivut Mark J. Tobin Geoffrey Clark
author_facet	Justyna J. Miszkiewicz Frédérique Valentin Christina Vrahnas Natalie A. Sims Jitraporn Vongsvivut Mark J. Tobin Geoffrey Clark
author_sort	Justyna J. Miszkiewicz
title	Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
title_short	Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
title_full	Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
title_fullStr	Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
title_full_unstemmed	Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders
title_sort	bone loss markers in the earliest pacific islanders
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/de1451ede0b04c439ebebcdde56d42ad
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Bone loss markers in the earliest Pacific Islanders

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