Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)

Abstract Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most widely used photo-crosslinkable biopolymers in tissue engineering. In in presence of an appropriate photoinitiator, the light activation triggers the crosslinking process, which provides shape fidelity and stability at physiological temperatur...

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Autores principales:	Sina Sharifi, Hannah Sharifi, Ali Akbari, James Chodosh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de1e9176dec542ccad818114b9a9a57f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de1e9176dec542ccad818114b9a9a57f2021-12-05T12:14:01ZSystematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)10.1038/s41598-021-02830-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/de1e9176dec542ccad818114b9a9a57f2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02830-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most widely used photo-crosslinkable biopolymers in tissue engineering. In in presence of an appropriate photoinitiator, the light activation triggers the crosslinking process, which provides shape fidelity and stability at physiological temperature. Although ultraviolet (UV) has been extensively explored for photo-crosslinking, its application has been linked to numerous biosafety concerns, originated from UV phototoxicity. Eosin Y, in combination with TEOA and VC, is a biosafe photoinitiation system that can be activated via visible light instead of UV and bypasses those biosafety concerns; however, the crosslinking system needs fine-tuning and optimization. In order to systematically optimize the crosslinking conditions, we herein independently varied the concentrations of Eosin Y [(EY)], triethanolamine (TEOA), vinyl caprolactam (VC), GelMA precursor, and crosslinking times and assessed the effect of those parameters on the properties the hydrogel. Our data showed that except EY, which exhibited an optimal concentration (~ 0.05 mM), increasing [TEOA], [VA], [GelMA], or crosslinking time improved mechanical (tensile strength/modulus and compressive modulus), adhesion (lap shear strength), swelling, biodegradation properties of the hydrogel. However, increasing the concentrations of crosslinking reagents ([TEOA], [VA], [GelMA]) reduced cell viability in 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture. This study enabled us to optimize the crosslinking conditions to improve the properties of the GelMA hydrogel and to generate a library of hydrogels with defined properties essential for different biomedical applications.Sina SharifiHannah SharifiAli AkbariJames ChodoshNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sina Sharifi Hannah Sharifi Ali Akbari James Chodosh Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
description	Abstract Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most widely used photo-crosslinkable biopolymers in tissue engineering. In in presence of an appropriate photoinitiator, the light activation triggers the crosslinking process, which provides shape fidelity and stability at physiological temperature. Although ultraviolet (UV) has been extensively explored for photo-crosslinking, its application has been linked to numerous biosafety concerns, originated from UV phototoxicity. Eosin Y, in combination with TEOA and VC, is a biosafe photoinitiation system that can be activated via visible light instead of UV and bypasses those biosafety concerns; however, the crosslinking system needs fine-tuning and optimization. In order to systematically optimize the crosslinking conditions, we herein independently varied the concentrations of Eosin Y [(EY)], triethanolamine (TEOA), vinyl caprolactam (VC), GelMA precursor, and crosslinking times and assessed the effect of those parameters on the properties the hydrogel. Our data showed that except EY, which exhibited an optimal concentration (~ 0.05 mM), increasing [TEOA], [VA], [GelMA], or crosslinking time improved mechanical (tensile strength/modulus and compressive modulus), adhesion (lap shear strength), swelling, biodegradation properties of the hydrogel. However, increasing the concentrations of crosslinking reagents ([TEOA], [VA], [GelMA]) reduced cell viability in 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture. This study enabled us to optimize the crosslinking conditions to improve the properties of the GelMA hydrogel and to generate a library of hydrogels with defined properties essential for different biomedical applications.
format	article
author	Sina Sharifi Hannah Sharifi Ali Akbari James Chodosh
author_facet	Sina Sharifi Hannah Sharifi Ali Akbari James Chodosh
author_sort	Sina Sharifi
title	Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
title_short	Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
title_full	Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
title_fullStr	Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
title_full_unstemmed	Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)
title_sort	systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (gelma)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/de1e9176dec542ccad818114b9a9a57f
work_keys_str_mv	AT sinasharifi systematicoptimizationofvisiblelightinducedcrosslinkingconditionsofgelatinmethacryloylgelma AT hannahsharifi systematicoptimizationofvisiblelightinducedcrosslinkingconditionsofgelatinmethacryloylgelma AT aliakbari systematicoptimizationofvisiblelightinducedcrosslinkingconditionsofgelatinmethacryloylgelma AT jameschodosh systematicoptimizationofvisiblelightinducedcrosslinkingconditionsofgelatinmethacryloylgelma
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Systematic optimization of visible light-induced crosslinking conditions of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)

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