Crepidium sect. Crepidium (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes

Crepidium is a large genus of mainly pantropical orchids. The lips of its flowers are upwardly directed and do not serve as landing platforms for pollinators. This role is assumed by the dorsal sepal and/or gynostemium. Information about the pollination and floral morphology of th...

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Autores principales:	Hanna B. Margońska, Małgorzata Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno, Emilia Brzezicka, Łukasz P. Haliński, Kevin L. Davies, Monika M. Lipińska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biofluorescence gas chromatography histochemistry orchids scanning electron microscopy transmission electron microscopy Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de525f3ec69745e4b09dfbee19fbb4e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de525f3ec69745e4b09dfbee19fbb4e32021-11-25T18:45:58Z<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes10.3390/plants101123732223-7747https://doaj.org/article/de525f3ec69745e4b09dfbee19fbb4e32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2373https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747<i>Crepidium</i> is a large genus of mainly pantropical orchids. The lips of its flowers are upwardly directed and do not serve as landing platforms for pollinators. This role is assumed by the dorsal sepal and/or gynostemium. Information about the pollination and floral morphology of this genus is scarce. To date, no papers have been published on these topics. Field observations have revealed that the flowers are visited by small flies, midges, fruit flies, other small dipterans, ants, spiders, and mites. Preliminary observations revealed at least two forms of small liquid droplets secreted on the lip surface of <i>Crepidium</i> species: simple secretions from epidermal cells, and cell sap released upon the rupturing of raphide-producing cells. Further research revealed that this was the first time liquid secretion was recorded in this genus. Floral secretions were subjected to sequential organic solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Floral parts were investigated by means of scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and histochemical tests. The presence of liquid droplets on the lip of <i>Crepidium</i>, the presence of a food reward, and the sequence of raphide development are reported here for the first time.Hanna B. MargońskaMałgorzata Kozieradzka-KiszkurnoEmilia BrzezickaŁukasz P. HalińskiKevin L. DaviesMonika M. LipińskaMDPI AGarticlebiofluorescencegas chromatographyhistochemistryorchidsscanning electron microscopytransmission electron microscopyBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2373, p 2373 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biofluorescence gas chromatography histochemistry orchids scanning electron microscopy transmission electron microscopy Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	biofluorescence gas chromatography histochemistry orchids scanning electron microscopy transmission electron microscopy Botany QK1-989 Hanna B. Margońska Małgorzata Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno Emilia Brzezicka Łukasz P. Haliński Kevin L. Davies Monika M. Lipińska <i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
description	<i>Crepidium</i> is a large genus of mainly pantropical orchids. The lips of its flowers are upwardly directed and do not serve as landing platforms for pollinators. This role is assumed by the dorsal sepal and/or gynostemium. Information about the pollination and floral morphology of this genus is scarce. To date, no papers have been published on these topics. Field observations have revealed that the flowers are visited by small flies, midges, fruit flies, other small dipterans, ants, spiders, and mites. Preliminary observations revealed at least two forms of small liquid droplets secreted on the lip surface of <i>Crepidium</i> species: simple secretions from epidermal cells, and cell sap released upon the rupturing of raphide-producing cells. Further research revealed that this was the first time liquid secretion was recorded in this genus. Floral secretions were subjected to sequential organic solvent extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Floral parts were investigated by means of scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and histochemical tests. The presence of liquid droplets on the lip of <i>Crepidium</i>, the presence of a food reward, and the sequence of raphide development are reported here for the first time.
format	article
author	Hanna B. Margońska Małgorzata Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno Emilia Brzezicka Łukasz P. Haliński Kevin L. Davies Monika M. Lipińska
author_facet	Hanna B. Margońska Małgorzata Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno Emilia Brzezicka Łukasz P. Haliński Kevin L. Davies Monika M. Lipińska
author_sort	Hanna B. Margońska
title	<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
title_short	<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
title_full	<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
title_fullStr	<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
title_full_unstemmed	<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes
title_sort	<i>crepidium</i> sect. <i>crepidium</i> (orchidaceae, malaxidinae)—chemical and morphological study of flower structures in the context of pollination processes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/de525f3ec69745e4b09dfbee19fbb4e3
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<i>Crepidium</i> sect. <i>Crepidium</i> (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae)—Chemical and Morphological Study of Flower Structures in the Context of Pollination Processes

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