Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.

<h4>Background</h4>Studies of experts' problem-solving abilities have shown that experts can attend to the deep structure of a problem whereas novices attend to the surface structure. Although this effect has been replicated in many domains, there has been little investigation into...

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Autores principales:	Sarah L Devantier, John Paul Minda, Mark Goldszmidt, Wael Haddara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de56c841a30447bab246e519b79be6ab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de56c841a30447bab246e519b79be6ab2021-11-25T06:22:10ZCategorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0005881https://doaj.org/article/de56c841a30447bab246e519b79be6ab2009-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19516910/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Studies of experts' problem-solving abilities have shown that experts can attend to the deep structure of a problem whereas novices attend to the surface structure. Although this effect has been replicated in many domains, there has been little investigation into such effects in medicine in general or patient management in particular.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We designed a 10-item forced-choice triad task in which subjects chose which one of two hypothetical patients best matched a target patient. The target and its potential matches were related in terms of surface features (e.g., two patients of a similar age and gender) and deep features (e.g., two diabetic patients with similar management strategies: a patient with arthritis and a blind patient would both have difficulty with self-injected insulin). We hypothesized that experts would have greater knowledge of management categories and would be more likely to choose deep matches. We contacted 130 novices (medical students), 11 intermediates (medical residents), and 159 experts (practicing endocrinologists) and 15, 11, and 8 subjects (respectively) completed the task. A linear mixed effects model indicated that novices were less likely to make deep matches than experts (t(68) = -3.63, p = .0006), while intermediates did not differ from experts (t(68) = -0.24, p = .81). We also found that the number of years in practice correlated with performance on diagnostic (r = .39, p = .02), but not management triads (r = .17, p = .34).<h4>Conclusions</h4>We found that experts were more likely than novices to match patients based on deep features, and that this pattern held for both diagnostic and management triads. Further, management and diagnostic triads were equally salient for expert physicians suggesting that physicians recognize and may create management-oriented categories of patients.Sarah L DevantierJohn Paul MindaMark GoldszmidtWael HaddaraPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 4, Iss 6, p e5881 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sarah L Devantier John Paul Minda Mark Goldszmidt Wael Haddara Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Studies of experts' problem-solving abilities have shown that experts can attend to the deep structure of a problem whereas novices attend to the surface structure. Although this effect has been replicated in many domains, there has been little investigation into such effects in medicine in general or patient management in particular.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We designed a 10-item forced-choice triad task in which subjects chose which one of two hypothetical patients best matched a target patient. The target and its potential matches were related in terms of surface features (e.g., two patients of a similar age and gender) and deep features (e.g., two diabetic patients with similar management strategies: a patient with arthritis and a blind patient would both have difficulty with self-injected insulin). We hypothesized that experts would have greater knowledge of management categories and would be more likely to choose deep matches. We contacted 130 novices (medical students), 11 intermediates (medical residents), and 159 experts (practicing endocrinologists) and 15, 11, and 8 subjects (respectively) completed the task. A linear mixed effects model indicated that novices were less likely to make deep matches than experts (t(68) = -3.63, p = .0006), while intermediates did not differ from experts (t(68) = -0.24, p = .81). We also found that the number of years in practice correlated with performance on diagnostic (r = .39, p = .02), but not management triads (r = .17, p = .34).<h4>Conclusions</h4>We found that experts were more likely than novices to match patients based on deep features, and that this pattern held for both diagnostic and management triads. Further, management and diagnostic triads were equally salient for expert physicians suggesting that physicians recognize and may create management-oriented categories of patients.
format	article
author	Sarah L Devantier John Paul Minda Mark Goldszmidt Wael Haddara
author_facet	Sarah L Devantier John Paul Minda Mark Goldszmidt Wael Haddara
author_sort	Sarah L Devantier
title	Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
title_short	Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
title_full	Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
title_fullStr	Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
title_full_unstemmed	Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
title_sort	categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/de56c841a30447bab246e519b79be6ab
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Categorizing patients in a forced-choice triad task: the integration of context in patient management.

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