An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.

Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O...

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Autores principales:	Andrew M Leitholf, Chrystal E Fretz, Raymond Mahanke, Zachary Santangelo, John M Senko
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff2021-12-02T20:11:30ZAn integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0213807https://doaj.org/article/de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff2019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213807https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O2 gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O2 into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O2 was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O2 in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O2-free sediments. Total potential (EH + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O2 on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O2 availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O2 can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O2.Andrew M LeitholfChrystal E FretzRaymond MahankeZachary SantangeloJohn M SenkoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0213807 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Andrew M Leitholf Chrystal E Fretz Raymond Mahanke Zachary Santangelo John M Senko An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
description	Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O2 gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O2 into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O2 was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O2 in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O2-free sediments. Total potential (EH + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O2 on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O2 availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O2 can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O2.
format	article
author	Andrew M Leitholf Chrystal E Fretz Raymond Mahanke Zachary Santangelo John M Senko
author_facet	Andrew M Leitholf Chrystal E Fretz Raymond Mahanke Zachary Santangelo John M Senko
author_sort	Andrew M Leitholf
title	An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_short	An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_full	An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_fullStr	An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_full_unstemmed	An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_sort	integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff
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An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.

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