An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.

Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O...

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Autores principales: Andrew M Leitholf, Chrystal E Fretz, Raymond Mahanke, Zachary Santangelo, John M Senko
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff2021-12-02T20:11:30ZAn integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0213807https://doaj.org/article/de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff2019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213807https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O2 gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O2 into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O2 was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O2 in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O2-free sediments. Total potential (EH + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O2 on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O2 availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O2 can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O2.Andrew M LeitholfChrystal E FretzRaymond MahankeZachary SantangeloJohn M SenkoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0213807 (2019)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Andrew M Leitholf
Chrystal E Fretz
Raymond Mahanke
Zachary Santangelo
John M Senko
An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
description Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as "iron mounds" develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O2 gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O2 into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O2 was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O2 in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O2-free sediments. Total potential (EH + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O2 on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O2 availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O2 can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O2.
format article
author Andrew M Leitholf
Chrystal E Fretz
Raymond Mahanke
Zachary Santangelo
John M Senko
author_facet Andrew M Leitholf
Chrystal E Fretz
Raymond Mahanke
Zachary Santangelo
John M Senko
author_sort Andrew M Leitholf
title An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_short An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_full An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_fullStr An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_full_unstemmed An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
title_sort integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced "iron mound" sediments.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2019
url https://doaj.org/article/de5f5392adcf4af3bad929571e7189ff
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