Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

Smitha Mony Sreedharan, Rajni Singh Amity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaCorrespondence: Rajni SinghAmity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaTel +...

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Autores principales:	Sreedharan SM, Singh R
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	gold nanoflowers biogenic synthesis ciprofloxacin drug dissolution Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de7b0cd30760490385a8f3b119ee21ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de7b0cd30760490385a8f3b119ee21ef2021-12-02T05:02:51ZCiprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/de7b0cd30760490385a8f3b119ee21ef2019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/ciprofloxacin-functionalized-biogenic-gold-nanoflowers-as-nanoantibiot-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Smitha Mony Sreedharan, Rajni Singh Amity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaCorrespondence: Rajni SinghAmity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaTel +91 1204392900Email rsingh3@amity.eduPurpose: Antibiotics are currently being rendered non-functional by the rising incidence of multi-drug resistance amongst pathogenic bacteria. Research has now been focused on developing solutions to this problem by creating new antibiotics and enhancing the functionality of the existing ones.Patients and methods: In the present study, ciprofloxacin was conjugated to biogenic gold nanoflowers (GNFs) from Bacillus subtilis RSB64 by a robust adsorption method under optimized conditions. The resultant drug–nanoflower conjugate was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Addition of ciprofloxacin to gold nanoflowers changed the extinction spectrum towards longer wavelength. The ciprofloxacin-conjugated gold nanoflowers were tested for the drug release statistically. The prepared nanoflower–drug conjugate was subjected to an in vitro microbiological assay against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains to verify the effect of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugate on the cell growth inhibitory activity of ciprofloxacin.Results: The GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates demonstrated enhanced bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria as compared to Gram-positive. The enhancement of the antibacterial activity of the nanoflower–drug conjugate could be attributed to the interaction of the conjugate with phosphate/amine group of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cell wall making them susceptible to the antibacterial effect of the conjugate.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the positive attributes of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates as a promising antibacterial therapeutic agent against pathogens.Keywords: gold nanoflowers, biogenic synthesis, ciprofloxacin, drug dissolutionSreedharan SMSingh RDove Medical Pressarticlegold nanoflowersbiogenic synthesisciprofloxacindrug dissolutionMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 14, Pp 9905-9916 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gold nanoflowers biogenic synthesis ciprofloxacin drug dissolution Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	gold nanoflowers biogenic synthesis ciprofloxacin drug dissolution Medicine (General) R5-920 Sreedharan SM Singh R Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
description	Smitha Mony Sreedharan, Rajni Singh Amity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaCorrespondence: Rajni SinghAmity Institute of Microbial Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, IndiaTel +91 1204392900Email rsingh3@amity.eduPurpose: Antibiotics are currently being rendered non-functional by the rising incidence of multi-drug resistance amongst pathogenic bacteria. Research has now been focused on developing solutions to this problem by creating new antibiotics and enhancing the functionality of the existing ones.Patients and methods: In the present study, ciprofloxacin was conjugated to biogenic gold nanoflowers (GNFs) from Bacillus subtilis RSB64 by a robust adsorption method under optimized conditions. The resultant drug–nanoflower conjugate was characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Addition of ciprofloxacin to gold nanoflowers changed the extinction spectrum towards longer wavelength. The ciprofloxacin-conjugated gold nanoflowers were tested for the drug release statistically. The prepared nanoflower–drug conjugate was subjected to an in vitro microbiological assay against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains to verify the effect of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugate on the cell growth inhibitory activity of ciprofloxacin.Results: The GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates demonstrated enhanced bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria as compared to Gram-positive. The enhancement of the antibacterial activity of the nanoflower–drug conjugate could be attributed to the interaction of the conjugate with phosphate/amine group of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial cell wall making them susceptible to the antibacterial effect of the conjugate.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the positive attributes of GNF–ciprofloxacin conjugates as a promising antibacterial therapeutic agent against pathogens.Keywords: gold nanoflowers, biogenic synthesis, ciprofloxacin, drug dissolution
format	article
author	Sreedharan SM Singh R
author_facet	Sreedharan SM Singh R
author_sort	Sreedharan SM
title	Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
title_short	Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
title_full	Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
title_fullStr	Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
title_full_unstemmed	Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
title_sort	ciprofloxacin functionalized biogenic gold nanoflowers as nanoantibiotics against pathogenic bacterial strains
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/de7b0cd30760490385a8f3b119ee21ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT sreedharansm ciprofloxacinfunctionalizedbiogenicgoldnanoflowersasnanoantibioticsagainstpathogenicbacterialstrains AT singhr ciprofloxacinfunctionalizedbiogenicgoldnanoflowersasnanoantibioticsagainstpathogenicbacterialstrains
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Ciprofloxacin Functionalized Biogenic Gold Nanoflowers as Nanoantibiotics Against Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

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