Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants

Abstract Background Plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important ecological indicator that reflects the capacity of a plant to transform nitrogen into production, which is essential for further elucidating plant growth and terrestrial ecosystem productivity. Although there are a growing numbe...

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Autores principales:	Jiaqiang Liao, Zhaolei Li, Jinsong Wang, Dashuan Tian, Di Tian, Shuli Niu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Nitrogen use efficiency Foliar phosphorus Geographic pattern Stoichiometry Plant phylogeny Climate Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/de9250f713b64092be1057d3bfa18349
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:de9250f713b64092be1057d3bfa183492021-11-08T10:44:56ZNitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants10.1186/s13717-021-00338-w2192-1709https://doaj.org/article/de9250f713b64092be1057d3bfa183492021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-021-00338-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2192-1709Abstract Background Plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important ecological indicator that reflects the capacity of a plant to transform nitrogen into production, which is essential for further elucidating plant growth and terrestrial ecosystem productivity. Although there are a growing number of studies that address NUE changes at local scales, the variations of NUE over large spatial scales remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the geographic patterns of NUE and explored its phylogenic and environmental drivers across 1452 species at 1102 sites in China. Results NUE tended to decrease with latitude (r = − 0.56), whereas it increased with longitude (r = 0.54), and varied widely in different ecosystems and plant life forms. Furthermore, NUE was negatively correlated with plant foliar phosphorus concentration (r = − 0.53), soil pH (r = − 0.10), soil total phosphorus (r = − 0.13) and available phosphorus (r = − 0.05), but positively with the mean annual temperature (r = 0.32), annual precipitation (r = 0.27), and aridity index (r = 0.26). NUE was significantly altered with phylogeny and evolved toward a lower value (r = − 0.28), which may have been due to increasing nitrogen deposition and fixation in biogeochemical evolution. Overall, the combination of foliar phosphorus concentration, phylogeny, climate, and soil properties accounted for 52.7% of the total variations of NUE. In particular, foliar phosphorus concentration was the most important factor, whereas plant evolutionary history was second in contributing to NUE variations. Conclusions Our study emphasizes the pivotal role of plant stoichiometry and phylogeny in nitrogen cycling and suggests incorporating them into earth system models to better understanding plant growth and nitrogen cycling in the context of environmental changes.Jiaqiang LiaoZhaolei LiJinsong WangDashuan TianDi TianShuli NiuSpringerOpenarticleNitrogen use efficiencyFoliar phosphorusGeographic patternStoichiometryPlant phylogenyClimateEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Processes, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Nitrogen use efficiency Foliar phosphorus Geographic pattern Stoichiometry Plant phylogeny Climate Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Nitrogen use efficiency Foliar phosphorus Geographic pattern Stoichiometry Plant phylogeny Climate Ecology QH540-549.5 Jiaqiang Liao Zhaolei Li Jinsong Wang Dashuan Tian Di Tian Shuli Niu Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
description	Abstract Background Plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important ecological indicator that reflects the capacity of a plant to transform nitrogen into production, which is essential for further elucidating plant growth and terrestrial ecosystem productivity. Although there are a growing number of studies that address NUE changes at local scales, the variations of NUE over large spatial scales remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the geographic patterns of NUE and explored its phylogenic and environmental drivers across 1452 species at 1102 sites in China. Results NUE tended to decrease with latitude (r = − 0.56), whereas it increased with longitude (r = 0.54), and varied widely in different ecosystems and plant life forms. Furthermore, NUE was negatively correlated with plant foliar phosphorus concentration (r = − 0.53), soil pH (r = − 0.10), soil total phosphorus (r = − 0.13) and available phosphorus (r = − 0.05), but positively with the mean annual temperature (r = 0.32), annual precipitation (r = 0.27), and aridity index (r = 0.26). NUE was significantly altered with phylogeny and evolved toward a lower value (r = − 0.28), which may have been due to increasing nitrogen deposition and fixation in biogeochemical evolution. Overall, the combination of foliar phosphorus concentration, phylogeny, climate, and soil properties accounted for 52.7% of the total variations of NUE. In particular, foliar phosphorus concentration was the most important factor, whereas plant evolutionary history was second in contributing to NUE variations. Conclusions Our study emphasizes the pivotal role of plant stoichiometry and phylogeny in nitrogen cycling and suggests incorporating them into earth system models to better understanding plant growth and nitrogen cycling in the context of environmental changes.
format	article
author	Jiaqiang Liao Zhaolei Li Jinsong Wang Dashuan Tian Di Tian Shuli Niu
author_facet	Jiaqiang Liao Zhaolei Li Jinsong Wang Dashuan Tian Di Tian Shuli Niu
author_sort	Jiaqiang Liao
title	Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
title_short	Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
title_full	Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
title_fullStr	Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
title_sort	nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in china: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/de9250f713b64092be1057d3bfa18349
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiaqiangliao nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants AT zhaoleili nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants AT jinsongwang nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants AT dashuantian nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants AT ditian nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants AT shuliniu nitrogenuseefficiencyofterrestrialplantsinchinageographicpatternsevolutionanddeterminants
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Nitrogen use efficiency of terrestrial plants in China: geographic patterns, evolution, and determinants

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