Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe

Abstract The recent emergence of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe is a major threat to agriculture, including olive, almond and grape. Philaenus spumarius is the predominant vector of X. fastidiosa in Europe. Understanding vector movement is critical for developing effective control measures against bac...

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Autores principales:	Clara Lago, Elisa Garzo, Aránzazu Moreno, Laura Barrios, Antonio Martí-Campoy, Francisco Rodríguez-Ballester, Alberto Fereres
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/deccd6dc320348d9aa9f814246a5c20a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:deccd6dc320348d9aa9f814246a5c20a2021-12-02T19:09:31ZFlight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe10.1038/s41598-021-96904-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/deccd6dc320348d9aa9f814246a5c20a2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96904-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The recent emergence of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe is a major threat to agriculture, including olive, almond and grape. Philaenus spumarius is the predominant vector of X. fastidiosa in Europe. Understanding vector movement is critical for developing effective control measures against bacterial spread. In this study, our goal was to set up a flight-mill protocol to assess P. spumarius flight potential and to analyse how different variables may affect its flight behaviour. We found that P. spumarius was able to fly ≈ 500 m in 30 min with a maximum single flight of 5.5 km in 5.4 h. Based on the observations, the flight potential of the females was higher in spring and autumn than in summer, and that of the males was highest in autumn. Moreover, we found that P. spumarius had a higher flight potential during the morning and the night than during the afternoon. Our results revealed that P. spumarius is likely to disperse much further than the established sizes of the infected and buffer zones designated by the EU. This knowledge on the flight potential of P. spumarius will be critical for improving management actions against P. spumarius and the spread of X. fastidiosa in Europe.Clara LagoElisa GarzoAránzazu MorenoLaura BarriosAntonio Martí-CampoyFrancisco Rodríguez-BallesterAlberto FereresNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Clara Lago Elisa Garzo Aránzazu Moreno Laura Barrios Antonio Martí-Campoy Francisco Rodríguez-Ballester Alberto Fereres Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
description	Abstract The recent emergence of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe is a major threat to agriculture, including olive, almond and grape. Philaenus spumarius is the predominant vector of X. fastidiosa in Europe. Understanding vector movement is critical for developing effective control measures against bacterial spread. In this study, our goal was to set up a flight-mill protocol to assess P. spumarius flight potential and to analyse how different variables may affect its flight behaviour. We found that P. spumarius was able to fly ≈ 500 m in 30 min with a maximum single flight of 5.5 km in 5.4 h. Based on the observations, the flight potential of the females was higher in spring and autumn than in summer, and that of the males was highest in autumn. Moreover, we found that P. spumarius had a higher flight potential during the morning and the night than during the afternoon. Our results revealed that P. spumarius is likely to disperse much further than the established sizes of the infected and buffer zones designated by the EU. This knowledge on the flight potential of P. spumarius will be critical for improving management actions against P. spumarius and the spread of X. fastidiosa in Europe.
format	article
author	Clara Lago Elisa Garzo Aránzazu Moreno Laura Barrios Antonio Martí-Campoy Francisco Rodríguez-Ballester Alberto Fereres
author_facet	Clara Lago Elisa Garzo Aránzazu Moreno Laura Barrios Antonio Martí-Campoy Francisco Rodríguez-Ballester Alberto Fereres
author_sort	Clara Lago
title	Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
title_short	Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
title_full	Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
title_fullStr	Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
title_full_unstemmed	Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe
title_sort	flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of philaenus spumarius the main vector of xylella fastidiosa in europe
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/deccd6dc320348d9aa9f814246a5c20a
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Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe

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