Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.

Edge effects are major drivers of change in many fragmented landscapes, but are often highly variable in space and time. Here we assess variability in edge effects altering Amazon forest dynamics, plant community composition, invading species, and carbon storage, in the world's largest and long...

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Autores principales:	William F Laurance, Henrique E M Nascimento, Susan G Laurance, Ana Andrade, Robert M Ewers, Kyle E Harms, Regina C C Luizão, José E Ribeiro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2007
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/decea5d878754b8380a9440351d99413
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:decea5d878754b8380a9440351d99413
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:decea5d878754b8380a9440351d994132021-11-25T06:10:44ZHabitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0001017https://doaj.org/article/decea5d878754b8380a9440351d994132007-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001017https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Edge effects are major drivers of change in many fragmented landscapes, but are often highly variable in space and time. Here we assess variability in edge effects altering Amazon forest dynamics, plant community composition, invading species, and carbon storage, in the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation. Despite detailed knowledge of local landscape conditions, spatial variability in edge effects was only partially foreseeable: relatively predictable effects were caused by the differing proximity of plots to forest edge and varying matrix vegetation, but windstorms generated much random variability. Temporal variability in edge phenomena was also only partially predictable: forest dynamics varied somewhat with fragment age, but also fluctuated markedly over time, evidently because of sporadic droughts and windstorms. Given the acute sensitivity of habitat fragments to local landscape and weather dynamics, we predict that fragments within the same landscape will tend to converge in species composition, whereas those in different landscapes will diverge in composition. This 'landscape-divergence hypothesis', if generally valid, will have key implications for biodiversity-conservation strategies and for understanding the dynamics of fragmented ecosystems.William F LauranceHenrique E M NascimentoSusan G LauranceAna AndradeRobert M EwersKyle E HarmsRegina C C LuizãoJosé E RibeiroPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 2, Iss 10, p e1017 (2007)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q William F Laurance Henrique E M Nascimento Susan G Laurance Ana Andrade Robert M Ewers Kyle E Harms Regina C C Luizão José E Ribeiro Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
description	Edge effects are major drivers of change in many fragmented landscapes, but are often highly variable in space and time. Here we assess variability in edge effects altering Amazon forest dynamics, plant community composition, invading species, and carbon storage, in the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation. Despite detailed knowledge of local landscape conditions, spatial variability in edge effects was only partially foreseeable: relatively predictable effects were caused by the differing proximity of plots to forest edge and varying matrix vegetation, but windstorms generated much random variability. Temporal variability in edge phenomena was also only partially predictable: forest dynamics varied somewhat with fragment age, but also fluctuated markedly over time, evidently because of sporadic droughts and windstorms. Given the acute sensitivity of habitat fragments to local landscape and weather dynamics, we predict that fragments within the same landscape will tend to converge in species composition, whereas those in different landscapes will diverge in composition. This 'landscape-divergence hypothesis', if generally valid, will have key implications for biodiversity-conservation strategies and for understanding the dynamics of fragmented ecosystems.
format	article
author	William F Laurance Henrique E M Nascimento Susan G Laurance Ana Andrade Robert M Ewers Kyle E Harms Regina C C Luizão José E Ribeiro
author_facet	William F Laurance Henrique E M Nascimento Susan G Laurance Ana Andrade Robert M Ewers Kyle E Harms Regina C C Luizão José E Ribeiro
author_sort	William F Laurance
title	Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
title_short	Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
title_full	Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
title_fullStr	Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
title_full_unstemmed	Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
title_sort	habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2007
url	https://doaj.org/article/decea5d878754b8380a9440351d99413
work_keys_str_mv	AT williamflaurance habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT henriqueemnascimento habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT susanglaurance habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT anaandrade habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT robertmewers habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT kyleeharms habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT reginaccluizao habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis AT joseeribeiro habitatfragmentationvariableedgeeffectsandthelandscapedivergencehypothesis
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Habitat fragmentation, variable edge effects, and the landscape-divergence hypothesis.

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