Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr70Ni25Al5)100-xWx (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation

Glasses, which date back to about 2500 BC, originated in Mesopotamia and were later brought to Egypt in approximately 1450 BC. In contrast to the long-range order materials (crystalline materials), the atoms and molecules of glasses, which are noncrystalline materials (short-range order) are not org...

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Autores principales:	M. Sherif El-Eskandarany, Naser Ali, Fahad Al-Ajmi, Mohammad Banyan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	metallic glasses mechanical alloying cold-rolling plastic deformation glass forming ability crystal structure Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dee3abe1f408408eae0c0e26c08c39db
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dee3abe1f408408eae0c0e26c08c39db2021-11-25T18:31:07ZPhase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation10.3390/nano111129522079-4991https://doaj.org/article/dee3abe1f408408eae0c0e26c08c39db2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2952https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991Glasses, which date back to about 2500 BC, originated in Mesopotamia and were later brought to Egypt in approximately 1450 BC. In contrast to the long-range order materials (crystalline materials), the atoms and molecules of glasses, which are noncrystalline materials (short-range order) are not organized in a definite lattice pattern. Metallic glassy materials with amorphous structure, which are rather new members of the advanced materials family, were discovered in 1960. Due to their amorphous structure, metallic glassy alloys, particularly in the supercooled liquid region, behave differently when compared with crystalline alloys. They reveal unique and unusual mechanical, physical, and chemical characteristics that make them desirable materials for many advanced applications. Although metallic glasses can be produced using different techniques, many of these methods cannot be utilized to produce amorphous alloys when the system has high-melting temperature alloys (above 1500 °C) and/or is immiscible. As a result, such constraints may limit the ability to fabricate high-thermal stable metallic glassy families. The purpose of this research is to fabricate metallic glassy (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, and 35 at. %) by cold rolling the constituent powders and then mechanically alloying them in a high-energy ball mill. The as-prepared metallic glassy powders demonstrated high-thermal stability and glass forming ability, as evidenced by a broad supercooled liquid region and a high crystallization temperature. The glassy powders were then consolidated into full-dense bulk metallic glasses using a spark plasma sintering technique. This consolidation method did not result in the crystallization of the materials, as the consolidated buttons retained their short-range order fashion. Additionally, the current work demonstrated the capability of fabricating very large bulk metallic glassy buttons with diameters ranging from 20 to 50 mm. The results indicated that the microhardness of the synthesized metallic glassy alloys increased as the W concentration increased. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first time this metallic glassy system has been reported.M. Sherif El-EskandaranyNaser AliFahad Al-AjmiMohammad BanyanMDPI AGarticlemetallic glassesmechanical alloyingcold-rollingplastic deformationglass forming abilitycrystal structureChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2952, p 2952 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	metallic glasses mechanical alloying cold-rolling plastic deformation glass forming ability crystal structure Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	metallic glasses mechanical alloying cold-rolling plastic deformation glass forming ability crystal structure Chemistry QD1-999 M. Sherif El-Eskandarany Naser Ali Fahad Al-Ajmi Mohammad Banyan Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
description	Glasses, which date back to about 2500 BC, originated in Mesopotamia and were later brought to Egypt in approximately 1450 BC. In contrast to the long-range order materials (crystalline materials), the atoms and molecules of glasses, which are noncrystalline materials (short-range order) are not organized in a definite lattice pattern. Metallic glassy materials with amorphous structure, which are rather new members of the advanced materials family, were discovered in 1960. Due to their amorphous structure, metallic glassy alloys, particularly in the supercooled liquid region, behave differently when compared with crystalline alloys. They reveal unique and unusual mechanical, physical, and chemical characteristics that make them desirable materials for many advanced applications. Although metallic glasses can be produced using different techniques, many of these methods cannot be utilized to produce amorphous alloys when the system has high-melting temperature alloys (above 1500 °C) and/or is immiscible. As a result, such constraints may limit the ability to fabricate high-thermal stable metallic glassy families. The purpose of this research is to fabricate metallic glassy (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, and 35 at. %) by cold rolling the constituent powders and then mechanically alloying them in a high-energy ball mill. The as-prepared metallic glassy powders demonstrated high-thermal stability and glass forming ability, as evidenced by a broad supercooled liquid region and a high crystallization temperature. The glassy powders were then consolidated into full-dense bulk metallic glasses using a spark plasma sintering technique. This consolidation method did not result in the crystallization of the materials, as the consolidated buttons retained their short-range order fashion. Additionally, the current work demonstrated the capability of fabricating very large bulk metallic glassy buttons with diameters ranging from 20 to 50 mm. The results indicated that the microhardness of the synthesized metallic glassy alloys increased as the W concentration increased. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first time this metallic glassy system has been reported.
format	article
author	M. Sherif El-Eskandarany Naser Ali Fahad Al-Ajmi Mohammad Banyan
author_facet	M. Sherif El-Eskandarany Naser Ali Fahad Al-Ajmi Mohammad Banyan
author_sort	M. Sherif El-Eskandarany
title	Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
title_short	Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
title_full	Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
title_fullStr	Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
title_full_unstemmed	Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation
title_sort	phase transformations from nanocrystalline to amorphous (zr<sub>70</sub>ni<sub>25</sub>al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>w<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and subsequent consolidation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dee3abe1f408408eae0c0e26c08c39db
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_version_	1718411049758097408

Phase Transformations from Nanocrystalline to Amorphous (Zr<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>25</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>)<sub>100-x</sub>W<sub>x</sub> (x; 0, 2, 10, 20, 35 at. %) and Subsequent Consolidation

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