Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.

North Africa is considered a distinct geographic and ethnic entity within Africa. Although modern humans originated in this Continent, studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome genealogical markers provide evidence that the North African gene pool has been shaped by the back-migration of...

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Autores principales:	Asmahan Bekada, Rosa Fregel, Vicente M Cabrera, José M Larruga, José Pestano, Soraya Benhamamouch, Ana M González
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/deee4e4c99ec4f40813822e1112d6935
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:deee4e4c99ec4f40813822e1112d69352021-11-18T07:57:03ZIntroducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0056775https://doaj.org/article/deee4e4c99ec4f40813822e1112d69352013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23431392/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203North Africa is considered a distinct geographic and ethnic entity within Africa. Although modern humans originated in this Continent, studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome genealogical markers provide evidence that the North African gene pool has been shaped by the back-migration of several Eurasian lineages in Paleolithic and Neolithic times. More recent influences from sub-Saharan Africa and Mediterranean Europe are also evident. The presence of East-West and North-South haplogroup frequency gradients strongly reinforces the genetic complexity of this region. However, this genetic scenario is beset with a notable gap, which is the lack of consistent information for Algeria, the largest country in the Maghreb. To fill this gap, we analyzed a sample of 240 unrelated subjects from a northwest Algeria cosmopolitan population using mtDNA sequences and Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphisms, focusing on the fine dissection of haplogroups E and R, which are the most prevalent in North Africa and Europe respectively. The Eurasian component in Algeria reached 80% for mtDNA and 90% for Y-chromosome. However, within them, the North African genetic component for mtDNA (U6 and M1; 20%) is significantly smaller than the paternal (E-M81 and E-V65; 70%). The unexpected presence of the European-derived Y-chromosome lineages R-M412, R-S116, R-U152 and R-M529 in Algeria and the rest of the Maghreb could be the counterparts of the mtDNA H1, H3 and V subgroups, pointing to direct maritime contacts between the European and North African sides of the western Mediterranean. Female influx of sub-Saharan Africans into Algeria (20%) is also significantly greater than the male (10%). In spite of these sexual asymmetries, the Algerian uniparental profiles faithfully correlate between each other and with the geography.Asmahan BekadaRosa FregelVicente M CabreraJosé M LarrugaJosé PestanoSoraya BenhamamouchAna M GonzálezPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e56775 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Asmahan Bekada Rosa Fregel Vicente M Cabrera José M Larruga José Pestano Soraya Benhamamouch Ana M González Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
description	North Africa is considered a distinct geographic and ethnic entity within Africa. Although modern humans originated in this Continent, studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome genealogical markers provide evidence that the North African gene pool has been shaped by the back-migration of several Eurasian lineages in Paleolithic and Neolithic times. More recent influences from sub-Saharan Africa and Mediterranean Europe are also evident. The presence of East-West and North-South haplogroup frequency gradients strongly reinforces the genetic complexity of this region. However, this genetic scenario is beset with a notable gap, which is the lack of consistent information for Algeria, the largest country in the Maghreb. To fill this gap, we analyzed a sample of 240 unrelated subjects from a northwest Algeria cosmopolitan population using mtDNA sequences and Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphisms, focusing on the fine dissection of haplogroups E and R, which are the most prevalent in North Africa and Europe respectively. The Eurasian component in Algeria reached 80% for mtDNA and 90% for Y-chromosome. However, within them, the North African genetic component for mtDNA (U6 and M1; 20%) is significantly smaller than the paternal (E-M81 and E-V65; 70%). The unexpected presence of the European-derived Y-chromosome lineages R-M412, R-S116, R-U152 and R-M529 in Algeria and the rest of the Maghreb could be the counterparts of the mtDNA H1, H3 and V subgroups, pointing to direct maritime contacts between the European and North African sides of the western Mediterranean. Female influx of sub-Saharan Africans into Algeria (20%) is also significantly greater than the male (10%). In spite of these sexual asymmetries, the Algerian uniparental profiles faithfully correlate between each other and with the geography.
format	article
author	Asmahan Bekada Rosa Fregel Vicente M Cabrera José M Larruga José Pestano Soraya Benhamamouch Ana M González
author_facet	Asmahan Bekada Rosa Fregel Vicente M Cabrera José M Larruga José Pestano Soraya Benhamamouch Ana M González
author_sort	Asmahan Bekada
title	Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
title_short	Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
title_full	Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
title_fullStr	Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
title_full_unstemmed	Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.
title_sort	introducing the algerian mitochondrial dna and y-chromosome profiles into the north african landscape.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/deee4e4c99ec4f40813822e1112d6935
work_keys_str_mv	AT asmahanbekada introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT rosafregel introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT vicentemcabrera introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT josemlarruga introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT josepestano introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT sorayabenhamamouch introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape AT anamgonzalez introducingthealgerianmitochondrialdnaandychromosomeprofilesintothenorthafricanlandscape
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Introducing the Algerian mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome profiles into the North African landscape.

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