Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea

A combination of physicochemical and radiotracer analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and particulate methane monooxygenase subunit A (<i>pmoA</i>) genes was used to link a microbial community profile with methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling processes. The objects of s...

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Autores principales:	Shahjahon Begmatov, Alexander S. Savvichev, Vitaly V. Kadnikov, Alexey V. Beletsky, Igor I. Rusanov, Alexey A. Klyuvitkin, Ekaterina A. Novichkova, Andrey V. Mardanov, Nikolai V. Pimenov, Nikolai V. Ravin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	arctic marine sediments methane cycle sulfur cycle nitrogen cycle microbial communities Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/def0c96a111849e497f1e0aefa1c677d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:def0c96a111849e497f1e0aefa1c677d2021-11-25T18:25:25ZMicrobial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea10.3390/microorganisms91123622076-2607https://doaj.org/article/def0c96a111849e497f1e0aefa1c677d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2362https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607A combination of physicochemical and radiotracer analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and particulate methane monooxygenase subunit A (<i>pmoA</i>) genes was used to link a microbial community profile with methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling processes. The objects of study were surface sediments sampled at five stations in the northern part of the Barents Sea. The methane content in the upper layers (0–5 cm) ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 µM and increased with depth (16–19 cm) to 9.5 µM. The rate of methane oxidation in the oxic upper layers varied from 2 to 23 nmol CH<sub>4</sub> L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> and decreased to 0.3 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> in the anoxic zone at a depth of 16–19 cm. Sulfate reduction rates were much higher, from 0.3 to 2.8 µmol L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. In the surface sediments, ammonia-oxidizing <i>Nitrosopumilaceae</i> were abundant; the subsequent oxidation of nitrite to nitrate can be carried out by <i>Nitrospira</i> sp. Aerobic methane oxidation could be performed by uncultured deep-sea cluster 3 of gamma-proteobacterial methanotrophs. Undetectable low levels of methanogenesis were consistent with a near complete absence of methanogens. Anaerobic methane oxidation in the deeper sediments was likely performed by ANME-2a-2b and ANME-2c archaea in consortium with sulfate-reducing <i>Desulfobacterota</i>. Sulfide can be oxidized by nitrate-reducing <i>Sulfurovum</i> sp. Thus, the sulfur cycle was linked with the anaerobic oxidation of methane and the nitrogen cycle, which included the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate in the oxic zone and denitrification coupled to the oxidation of sulfide in the deeper sediments. Methane concentrations and rates of microbial biogeochemical processes in sediments in the northern part of the Barents Sea were noticeably higher than in oligotrophic areas of the Arctic Ocean, indicating that an increase in methane concentration significantly activates microbial processes.Shahjahon BegmatovAlexander S. SavvichevVitaly V. KadnikovAlexey V. BeletskyIgor I. RusanovAlexey A. KlyuvitkinEkaterina A. NovichkovaAndrey V. MardanovNikolai V. PimenovNikolai V. RavinMDPI AGarticlearcticmarine sedimentsmethane cyclesulfur cyclenitrogen cyclemicrobial communitiesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2362, p 2362 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	arctic marine sediments methane cycle sulfur cycle nitrogen cycle microbial communities Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	arctic marine sediments methane cycle sulfur cycle nitrogen cycle microbial communities Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Shahjahon Begmatov Alexander S. Savvichev Vitaly V. Kadnikov Alexey V. Beletsky Igor I. Rusanov Alexey A. Klyuvitkin Ekaterina A. Novichkova Andrey V. Mardanov Nikolai V. Pimenov Nikolai V. Ravin Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
description	A combination of physicochemical and radiotracer analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and particulate methane monooxygenase subunit A (<i>pmoA</i>) genes was used to link a microbial community profile with methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling processes. The objects of study were surface sediments sampled at five stations in the northern part of the Barents Sea. The methane content in the upper layers (0–5 cm) ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 µM and increased with depth (16–19 cm) to 9.5 µM. The rate of methane oxidation in the oxic upper layers varied from 2 to 23 nmol CH<sub>4</sub> L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> and decreased to 0.3 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup> in the anoxic zone at a depth of 16–19 cm. Sulfate reduction rates were much higher, from 0.3 to 2.8 µmol L<sup>−1</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. In the surface sediments, ammonia-oxidizing <i>Nitrosopumilaceae</i> were abundant; the subsequent oxidation of nitrite to nitrate can be carried out by <i>Nitrospira</i> sp. Aerobic methane oxidation could be performed by uncultured deep-sea cluster 3 of gamma-proteobacterial methanotrophs. Undetectable low levels of methanogenesis were consistent with a near complete absence of methanogens. Anaerobic methane oxidation in the deeper sediments was likely performed by ANME-2a-2b and ANME-2c archaea in consortium with sulfate-reducing <i>Desulfobacterota</i>. Sulfide can be oxidized by nitrate-reducing <i>Sulfurovum</i> sp. Thus, the sulfur cycle was linked with the anaerobic oxidation of methane and the nitrogen cycle, which included the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate in the oxic zone and denitrification coupled to the oxidation of sulfide in the deeper sediments. Methane concentrations and rates of microbial biogeochemical processes in sediments in the northern part of the Barents Sea were noticeably higher than in oligotrophic areas of the Arctic Ocean, indicating that an increase in methane concentration significantly activates microbial processes.
format	article
author	Shahjahon Begmatov Alexander S. Savvichev Vitaly V. Kadnikov Alexey V. Beletsky Igor I. Rusanov Alexey A. Klyuvitkin Ekaterina A. Novichkova Andrey V. Mardanov Nikolai V. Pimenov Nikolai V. Ravin
author_facet	Shahjahon Begmatov Alexander S. Savvichev Vitaly V. Kadnikov Alexey V. Beletsky Igor I. Rusanov Alexey A. Klyuvitkin Ekaterina A. Novichkova Andrey V. Mardanov Nikolai V. Pimenov Nikolai V. Ravin
author_sort	Shahjahon Begmatov
title	Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
title_short	Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
title_full	Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
title_fullStr	Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
title_sort	microbial communities involved in methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling in the sediments of the barents sea
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/def0c96a111849e497f1e0aefa1c677d
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Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea

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