Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan

The reinfection rate of schistosomiasis after mass drug administration (MDA) has not been documented in Sudan. We aimed to explore the transmission dynamics of urogenital schistosomiasis after MDA, targeting school-aged children in the White Nile State of Sudan, assessing the prevalence, reinfection...

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Autores principales:	Yan Jin, Young-Ha Lee, Seungman Cha, In-Uk Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Sung-Tae Hong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> reinfection rate incidence mass drug administration Sudan Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/def328a3e8c74287bb03f5f795b40115
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:def328a3e8c74287bb03f5f795b401152021-11-11T16:39:10ZTransmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan10.3390/ijerph1821115371660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/def328a3e8c74287bb03f5f795b401152021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11537https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601The reinfection rate of schistosomiasis after mass drug administration (MDA) has not been documented in Sudan. We aimed to explore the transmission dynamics of urogenital schistosomiasis after MDA, targeting school-aged children in the White Nile State of Sudan, assessing the prevalence, reinfection rate, and incidence. A single dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) was administered to 1951 students in five primary schools from January to February 2018 immediately after a baseline survey, and follow-up surveys were performed at 2 weeks and 6 months after treatment. We examined <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> eggs by centrifugation methods. The overall reinfection rate at 6 months after treatment was 9.8% (95% confidence interval: 0.5–17.4%). By school, the reinfection rate was highest in the Al Hidaib school, whose prevalence was highest at baseline. The reinfection rate was significantly higher in high-infection areas than low-infection areas (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Of the prevalence at 6 months in high-infection areas, 41% of cases were due to reinfection. MDA interventions are decided upon and undertaken at the district level. A more targeted treatment strategy should be developed with a particular focus on tracking high-risk groups, even within a school or a community.Yan JinYoung-Ha LeeSeungman ChaIn-Uk ChoiHassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed IsmailMousab Siddig ElhagSung-Tae HongMDPI AGarticle<i>Schistosoma haematobium</i>reinfection rateincidencemass drug administrationSudanMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11537, p 11537 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> reinfection rate incidence mass drug administration Sudan Medicine R
spellingShingle	<i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> reinfection rate incidence mass drug administration Sudan Medicine R Yan Jin Young-Ha Lee Seungman Cha In-Uk Choi Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail Mousab Siddig Elhag Sung-Tae Hong Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
description	The reinfection rate of schistosomiasis after mass drug administration (MDA) has not been documented in Sudan. We aimed to explore the transmission dynamics of urogenital schistosomiasis after MDA, targeting school-aged children in the White Nile State of Sudan, assessing the prevalence, reinfection rate, and incidence. A single dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) was administered to 1951 students in five primary schools from January to February 2018 immediately after a baseline survey, and follow-up surveys were performed at 2 weeks and 6 months after treatment. We examined <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> eggs by centrifugation methods. The overall reinfection rate at 6 months after treatment was 9.8% (95% confidence interval: 0.5–17.4%). By school, the reinfection rate was highest in the Al Hidaib school, whose prevalence was highest at baseline. The reinfection rate was significantly higher in high-infection areas than low-infection areas (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Of the prevalence at 6 months in high-infection areas, 41% of cases were due to reinfection. MDA interventions are decided upon and undertaken at the district level. A more targeted treatment strategy should be developed with a particular focus on tracking high-risk groups, even within a school or a community.
format	article
author	Yan Jin Young-Ha Lee Seungman Cha In-Uk Choi Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail Mousab Siddig Elhag Sung-Tae Hong
author_facet	Yan Jin Young-Ha Lee Seungman Cha In-Uk Choi Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail Mousab Siddig Elhag Sung-Tae Hong
author_sort	Yan Jin
title	Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
title_short	Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
title_full	Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
title_fullStr	Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
title_full_unstemmed	Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
title_sort	transmission dynamics of <i>schistosoma haematobium</i> among school-aged children: a cohort study on prevalence, reinfection and incidence after mass drug administration in the white nile state of sudan
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/def328a3e8c74287bb03f5f795b40115
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Transmission Dynamics of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan

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