Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity

Abstract Pronounced temporal and spatial variation in the availability of food resources can produce energetic deficits in organisms. Fruit-dependent Bornean orangutans face extreme variation in fruit availability and experience negative energy and protein balance during episodes of fruit scarcity....

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Autores principales:	Caitlin A. O’Connell, Andrea L. DiGiorgio, Alexa D. Ugarte, Rebecca S. A. Brittain, Daniel J. Naumenko, Sri Suci Utami Atmoko, Erin R. Vogel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/def82f855ac24ac6ae4d16ea1867e210
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:def82f855ac24ac6ae4d16ea1867e2102021-12-02T15:42:59ZWild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity10.1038/s41598-021-89186-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/def82f855ac24ac6ae4d16ea1867e2102021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89186-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Pronounced temporal and spatial variation in the availability of food resources can produce energetic deficits in organisms. Fruit-dependent Bornean orangutans face extreme variation in fruit availability and experience negative energy and protein balance during episodes of fruit scarcity. We evaluate the possibility that orangutans of different sexes and ages catabolize muscle tissue when the availability of fruit is low. We assess variation in muscle mass by examining the relationship between urinary creatinine and specific gravity and use the residuals as a non-invasive measure of estimated lean body mass (ELBM). Despite orangutans having a suite of adaptations to buffer them from fruit scarcity and associated caloric deficits, ELBM was lower during low fruit periods in all age-sex classes. As predicted, adult male orangutans had higher ELBM than adult females and immatures. Contrary to expectation, flanged and unflanged males did not differ significantly in ELBM. These findings highlight the precarity of orangutan health in the face of rapid environmental change and add to a growing body of evidence that orangutans are characterized by unique metabolic traits shaped by their unpredictable forest environment.Caitlin A. O’ConnellAndrea L. DiGiorgioAlexa D. UgarteRebecca S. A. BrittainDaniel J. NaumenkoSri Suci Utami AtmokoErin R. VogelNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Caitlin A. O’Connell Andrea L. DiGiorgio Alexa D. Ugarte Rebecca S. A. Brittain Daniel J. Naumenko Sri Suci Utami Atmoko Erin R. Vogel Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
description	Abstract Pronounced temporal and spatial variation in the availability of food resources can produce energetic deficits in organisms. Fruit-dependent Bornean orangutans face extreme variation in fruit availability and experience negative energy and protein balance during episodes of fruit scarcity. We evaluate the possibility that orangutans of different sexes and ages catabolize muscle tissue when the availability of fruit is low. We assess variation in muscle mass by examining the relationship between urinary creatinine and specific gravity and use the residuals as a non-invasive measure of estimated lean body mass (ELBM). Despite orangutans having a suite of adaptations to buffer them from fruit scarcity and associated caloric deficits, ELBM was lower during low fruit periods in all age-sex classes. As predicted, adult male orangutans had higher ELBM than adult females and immatures. Contrary to expectation, flanged and unflanged males did not differ significantly in ELBM. These findings highlight the precarity of orangutan health in the face of rapid environmental change and add to a growing body of evidence that orangutans are characterized by unique metabolic traits shaped by their unpredictable forest environment.
format	article
author	Caitlin A. O’Connell Andrea L. DiGiorgio Alexa D. Ugarte Rebecca S. A. Brittain Daniel J. Naumenko Sri Suci Utami Atmoko Erin R. Vogel
author_facet	Caitlin A. O’Connell Andrea L. DiGiorgio Alexa D. Ugarte Rebecca S. A. Brittain Daniel J. Naumenko Sri Suci Utami Atmoko Erin R. Vogel
author_sort	Caitlin A. O’Connell
title	Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
title_short	Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
title_full	Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
title_fullStr	Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
title_full_unstemmed	Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
title_sort	wild bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/def82f855ac24ac6ae4d16ea1867e210
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Wild Bornean orangutans experience muscle catabolism during episodes of fruit scarcity

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