A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity

Time-dependent loading deformations of the Earth’s surface, due to nontidal changes in the atmosphere, ocean, land water/ice, etc., contribute significantly to the seasonal and secular Global Positioning System (GPS) site displacements, especially for the up component. While loading deformations der...

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Autores principales:	Jiesi Luo, Wei Chen, Jim Ray, Tonie van Dam, Jiancheng Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	GPS GRACE LDCmgm90 time-variable gravity loading deformation Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df02e1bf15824758ba9c163a144998ab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df02e1bf15824758ba9c163a144998ab2021-11-11T18:55:46ZA Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity10.3390/rs132144082072-4292https://doaj.org/article/df02e1bf15824758ba9c163a144998ab2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4408https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Time-dependent loading deformations of the Earth’s surface, due to nontidal changes in the atmosphere, ocean, land water/ice, etc., contribute significantly to the seasonal and secular Global Positioning System (GPS) site displacements, especially for the up component. While loading deformations derived from general circulation model (GCM) outputs are usually used to correct loading signals in the GPS site displacements, this study aims to provide a loading correction model based on the multiple-data combined monthly gravity products LDCmgm90. We have adopted GPS measurements from 249 IGS reference frame stations and 3 different GCM-based loading models to test the reliability of the LDCmgm90 model. Compared to the GCM-based models, the LDCmgm90 loading correction is more effective in attenuating seasonal (especially annual) loading signals and can bring more significant improvements to most stations for both the data-trend-removed and the data-trend-retained cases. Thus, we have validated the LDCmgm90 model from the loading aspect and proved it to be a reliable loading-correction model for GPS displacements. The relatively better secular loading signals provided by the LDCmgm90 loading model may provide us a chance to study the long-term, nonloading signals in GPS data.Jiesi LuoWei ChenJim RayTonie van DamJiancheng LiMDPI AGarticleGPSGRACELDCmgm90time-variable gravityloading deformationScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4408, p 4408 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	GPS GRACE LDCmgm90 time-variable gravity loading deformation Science Q
spellingShingle	GPS GRACE LDCmgm90 time-variable gravity loading deformation Science Q Jiesi Luo Wei Chen Jim Ray Tonie van Dam Jiancheng Li A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
description	Time-dependent loading deformations of the Earth’s surface, due to nontidal changes in the atmosphere, ocean, land water/ice, etc., contribute significantly to the seasonal and secular Global Positioning System (GPS) site displacements, especially for the up component. While loading deformations derived from general circulation model (GCM) outputs are usually used to correct loading signals in the GPS site displacements, this study aims to provide a loading correction model based on the multiple-data combined monthly gravity products LDCmgm90. We have adopted GPS measurements from 249 IGS reference frame stations and 3 different GCM-based loading models to test the reliability of the LDCmgm90 model. Compared to the GCM-based models, the LDCmgm90 loading correction is more effective in attenuating seasonal (especially annual) loading signals and can bring more significant improvements to most stations for both the data-trend-removed and the data-trend-retained cases. Thus, we have validated the LDCmgm90 model from the loading aspect and proved it to be a reliable loading-correction model for GPS displacements. The relatively better secular loading signals provided by the LDCmgm90 loading model may provide us a chance to study the long-term, nonloading signals in GPS data.
format	article
author	Jiesi Luo Wei Chen Jim Ray Tonie van Dam Jiancheng Li
author_facet	Jiesi Luo Wei Chen Jim Ray Tonie van Dam Jiancheng Li
author_sort	Jiesi Luo
title	A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
title_short	A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
title_full	A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
title_fullStr	A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
title_full_unstemmed	A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity
title_sort	loading correction model for gps measurements derived from multiple-data combined monthly gravity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/df02e1bf15824758ba9c163a144998ab
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_version_	1718431676807249920

A Loading Correction Model for GPS Measurements Derived from Multiple-Data Combined Monthly Gravity

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