Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles

While most bacterial species taken up by macrophages are degraded through processing of the bacteria-containing vacuole through the endosomal-lysosomal degradation pathway, intravacuolar pathogens have evolved to evade degradation through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway. All intra-vacuolar pathogens...

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Autores principales:	Bethany Vaughn, Yousef Abu Kwaik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	vacuoles intracellular pathogens biogenesis lysosomes trafficking Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df380047335948f79788db65f632c8d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df380047335948f79788db65f632c8d12021-11-11T07:47:02ZIdiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.722433https://doaj.org/article/df380047335948f79788db65f632c8d12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.722433/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988While most bacterial species taken up by macrophages are degraded through processing of the bacteria-containing vacuole through the endosomal-lysosomal degradation pathway, intravacuolar pathogens have evolved to evade degradation through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway. All intra-vacuolar pathogens possess specialized secretion systems (T3SS-T7SS) that inject effector proteins into the host cell cytosol to modulate myriad of host cell processes and remodel their vacuoles into proliferative niches. Although intravacuolar pathogens utilize similar secretion systems to interfere with their vacuole biogenesis, each pathogen has evolved a unique toolbox of protein effectors injected into the host cell to interact with, and modulate, distinct host cell targets. Thus, intravacuolar pathogens have evolved clear idiosyncrasies in their interference with their vacuole biogenesis to generate a unique intravacuolar niche suitable for their own proliferation. While there has been a quantum leap in our knowledge of modulation of phagosome biogenesis by intravacuolar pathogens, the detailed biochemical and cellular processes affected remain to be deciphered. Here we discuss how the intravacuolar bacterial pathogens Salmonella, Chlamydia, Mycobacteria, Legionella, Brucella, Coxiella, and Anaplasma utilize their unique set of effectors injected into the host cell to interfere with endocytic, exocytic, and ER-to-Golgi vesicle traffic. However, Coxiella is the main exception for a bacterial pathogen that proliferates within the hydrolytic lysosomal compartment, but its T4SS is essential for adaptation and proliferation within the lysosomal-like vacuole.Bethany VaughnYousef Abu KwaikYousef Abu KwaikFrontiers Media S.A.articlevacuolesintracellular pathogensbiogenesislysosomestraffickingMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	vacuoles intracellular pathogens biogenesis lysosomes trafficking Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	vacuoles intracellular pathogens biogenesis lysosomes trafficking Microbiology QR1-502 Bethany Vaughn Yousef Abu Kwaik Yousef Abu Kwaik Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
description	While most bacterial species taken up by macrophages are degraded through processing of the bacteria-containing vacuole through the endosomal-lysosomal degradation pathway, intravacuolar pathogens have evolved to evade degradation through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway. All intra-vacuolar pathogens possess specialized secretion systems (T3SS-T7SS) that inject effector proteins into the host cell cytosol to modulate myriad of host cell processes and remodel their vacuoles into proliferative niches. Although intravacuolar pathogens utilize similar secretion systems to interfere with their vacuole biogenesis, each pathogen has evolved a unique toolbox of protein effectors injected into the host cell to interact with, and modulate, distinct host cell targets. Thus, intravacuolar pathogens have evolved clear idiosyncrasies in their interference with their vacuole biogenesis to generate a unique intravacuolar niche suitable for their own proliferation. While there has been a quantum leap in our knowledge of modulation of phagosome biogenesis by intravacuolar pathogens, the detailed biochemical and cellular processes affected remain to be deciphered. Here we discuss how the intravacuolar bacterial pathogens Salmonella, Chlamydia, Mycobacteria, Legionella, Brucella, Coxiella, and Anaplasma utilize their unique set of effectors injected into the host cell to interfere with endocytic, exocytic, and ER-to-Golgi vesicle traffic. However, Coxiella is the main exception for a bacterial pathogen that proliferates within the hydrolytic lysosomal compartment, but its T4SS is essential for adaptation and proliferation within the lysosomal-like vacuole.
format	article
author	Bethany Vaughn Yousef Abu Kwaik Yousef Abu Kwaik
author_facet	Bethany Vaughn Yousef Abu Kwaik Yousef Abu Kwaik
author_sort	Bethany Vaughn
title	Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
title_short	Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
title_full	Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
title_fullStr	Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
title_full_unstemmed	Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles
title_sort	idiosyncratic biogenesis of intracellular pathogens-containing vacuoles
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/df380047335948f79788db65f632c8d1
work_keys_str_mv	AT bethanyvaughn idiosyncraticbiogenesisofintracellularpathogenscontainingvacuoles AT yousefabukwaik idiosyncraticbiogenesisofintracellularpathogenscontainingvacuoles AT yousefabukwaik idiosyncraticbiogenesisofintracellularpathogenscontainingvacuoles
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Idiosyncratic Biogenesis of Intracellular Pathogens-Containing Vacuoles

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