Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition that critically affects locomotor ability and quality of life and, the condition is particularly prevalent in the senior population. The current review presents a gait biomechanics conceptual framework for designing active knee orthoses to prevent...

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Autores principales:	Hanatsu Nagano, William Sparrow, Rezaul Begg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	knee osteoarthritis knee adduction moment wearable exoskeleton knee orthosis knee power absorption cartilage regeneration Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df5519ab90fa46cdb830c989924e2742
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df5519ab90fa46cdb830c989924e27422021-11-25T16:41:39ZDevelopments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review10.3390/app1122109472076-3417https://doaj.org/article/df5519ab90fa46cdb830c989924e27422021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10947https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition that critically affects locomotor ability and quality of life and, the condition is particularly prevalent in the senior population. The current review presents a gait biomechanics conceptual framework for designing active knee orthoses to prevent and remediate knee OA. Constant excessive loading diminishes knee joint articular cartilage and, therefore, measures to reduce kinetic stresses due to the fact of adduction moments and joint compression are an essential target for OA prevention. A powered orthosis enables torque generation to support knee joint motions and machine-learning-driven “smart systems” can optimise the magnitude and timing of joint actuator forces. Although further research is required, recent findings raise the possibility of exoskeleton-supported, non-surgical OA interventions, increasing the treatment options for this prevalent, painful and seriously debilitating disease. Combined with advances in regenerative medicine, such as stem cell implantation and manipulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (m-RNA) transcription, active knee orthoses can be designed to incorporate electro-magnetic stimulators to promote articular cartilage resynthesis.Hanatsu NaganoWilliam SparrowRezaul BeggMDPI AGarticleknee osteoarthritisknee adduction momentwearable exoskeletonknee orthosisknee power absorptioncartilage regenerationTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10947, p 10947 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	knee osteoarthritis knee adduction moment wearable exoskeleton knee orthosis knee power absorption cartilage regeneration Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	knee osteoarthritis knee adduction moment wearable exoskeleton knee orthosis knee power absorption cartilage regeneration Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Hanatsu Nagano William Sparrow Rezaul Begg Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
description	Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition that critically affects locomotor ability and quality of life and, the condition is particularly prevalent in the senior population. The current review presents a gait biomechanics conceptual framework for designing active knee orthoses to prevent and remediate knee OA. Constant excessive loading diminishes knee joint articular cartilage and, therefore, measures to reduce kinetic stresses due to the fact of adduction moments and joint compression are an essential target for OA prevention. A powered orthosis enables torque generation to support knee joint motions and machine-learning-driven “smart systems” can optimise the magnitude and timing of joint actuator forces. Although further research is required, recent findings raise the possibility of exoskeleton-supported, non-surgical OA interventions, increasing the treatment options for this prevalent, painful and seriously debilitating disease. Combined with advances in regenerative medicine, such as stem cell implantation and manipulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (m-RNA) transcription, active knee orthoses can be designed to incorporate electro-magnetic stimulators to promote articular cartilage resynthesis.
format	article
author	Hanatsu Nagano William Sparrow Rezaul Begg
author_facet	Hanatsu Nagano William Sparrow Rezaul Begg
author_sort	Hanatsu Nagano
title	Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
title_short	Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
title_full	Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
title_fullStr	Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed	Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review
title_sort	developments in smart multi-function gait assistive devices for the prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis—a literature review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/df5519ab90fa46cdb830c989924e2742
work_keys_str_mv	AT hanatsunagano developmentsinsmartmultifunctiongaitassistivedevicesforthepreventionandtreatmentofkneeosteoarthritisaliteraturereview AT williamsparrow developmentsinsmartmultifunctiongaitassistivedevicesforthepreventionandtreatmentofkneeosteoarthritisaliteraturereview AT rezaulbegg developmentsinsmartmultifunctiongaitassistivedevicesforthepreventionandtreatmentofkneeosteoarthritisaliteraturereview
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Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review

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