Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste

Municipal solid waste (MSW) contains plastic waste that can be used as a sustainable green substitute to reduce oil footprints, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and environmental pollution. This study aims to recycle plastic waste by manufacturing wood-plastic composites and to improve its mech...

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Autores principales:	Shahnaz Shahani, Zhongquan Gao, Mumtaz A. Qaisrani, Naveed Ahmed, Haseeb Yaqoob, Fuad Khoshnaw, Farooq Sher
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	sustainable chemical engineering wood plastic composite materials municipal solid waste extrusion sustainable polymers Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df67283fad4640ba897b49f7a7ac1788
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df67283fad4640ba897b49f7a7ac17882021-11-11T18:43:15ZPreparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste10.3390/polym132136702073-4360https://doaj.org/article/df67283fad4640ba897b49f7a7ac17882021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3670https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Municipal solid waste (MSW) contains plastic waste that can be used as a sustainable green substitute to reduce oil footprints, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and environmental pollution. This study aims to recycle plastic waste by manufacturing wood-plastic composites and to improve its mechanical properties by using additives, coupling agents, and lubricants. These composites are prepared by mixing 40–70% of wood flour with 20–25% of a polymer matrix. Wood was degraded at 220 °C, and then the composites were processed at 50 °C. The manufacturing process carried out in the study involved wood waste meshing, drying, shredding, drying, trimming, filling, blending, compounding, and extrusion moulding. The compounding of composites was accomplished in twin-screw extruders. Once the mixture was uniformly mixed, its final shape was given by a two-step extrusion moulding. Previously, researchers aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites, but our research focus was to improve their durability for different industrial applications. The results suggest that the impact strength is 17 MPa with 50% of wood powder ratio while the maximum value for the tensile strength is 32.5 MPa. About 50% of an increase in wood powder resulted in 8.1% bending strength increase from 26.1 to 32.8 MPa. Reducing the plastic matrix and the wood-particles water swelling ratio resulted in better mechanical properties. The wood species also affected the mechanical properties with their excellent dimensional stability and less variability. A high proportion of wood fibre tends to increase its steady-state torque and viscosity. The mechanical properties against different wood-flour proportions indicate that composite materials exhibit superior water swelling behaviour and extrusion quality.Shahnaz ShahaniZhongquan GaoMumtaz A. QaisraniNaveed AhmedHaseeb YaqoobFuad KhoshnawFarooq SherMDPI AGarticlesustainable chemical engineeringwood plasticcomposite materialsmunicipal solid wasteextrusionsustainable polymersOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3670, p 3670 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sustainable chemical engineering wood plastic composite materials municipal solid waste extrusion sustainable polymers Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	sustainable chemical engineering wood plastic composite materials municipal solid waste extrusion sustainable polymers Organic chemistry QD241-441 Shahnaz Shahani Zhongquan Gao Mumtaz A. Qaisrani Naveed Ahmed Haseeb Yaqoob Fuad Khoshnaw Farooq Sher Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
description	Municipal solid waste (MSW) contains plastic waste that can be used as a sustainable green substitute to reduce oil footprints, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, and environmental pollution. This study aims to recycle plastic waste by manufacturing wood-plastic composites and to improve its mechanical properties by using additives, coupling agents, and lubricants. These composites are prepared by mixing 40–70% of wood flour with 20–25% of a polymer matrix. Wood was degraded at 220 °C, and then the composites were processed at 50 °C. The manufacturing process carried out in the study involved wood waste meshing, drying, shredding, drying, trimming, filling, blending, compounding, and extrusion moulding. The compounding of composites was accomplished in twin-screw extruders. Once the mixture was uniformly mixed, its final shape was given by a two-step extrusion moulding. Previously, researchers aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites, but our research focus was to improve their durability for different industrial applications. The results suggest that the impact strength is 17 MPa with 50% of wood powder ratio while the maximum value for the tensile strength is 32.5 MPa. About 50% of an increase in wood powder resulted in 8.1% bending strength increase from 26.1 to 32.8 MPa. Reducing the plastic matrix and the wood-particles water swelling ratio resulted in better mechanical properties. The wood species also affected the mechanical properties with their excellent dimensional stability and less variability. A high proportion of wood fibre tends to increase its steady-state torque and viscosity. The mechanical properties against different wood-flour proportions indicate that composite materials exhibit superior water swelling behaviour and extrusion quality.
format	article
author	Shahnaz Shahani Zhongquan Gao Mumtaz A. Qaisrani Naveed Ahmed Haseeb Yaqoob Fuad Khoshnaw Farooq Sher
author_facet	Shahnaz Shahani Zhongquan Gao Mumtaz A. Qaisrani Naveed Ahmed Haseeb Yaqoob Fuad Khoshnaw Farooq Sher
author_sort	Shahnaz Shahani
title	Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
title_short	Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
title_full	Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
title_fullStr	Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste
title_sort	preparation and characterisation of sustainable wood plastic composites extracted from municipal solid waste
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/df67283fad4640ba897b49f7a7ac1788
work_keys_str_mv	AT shahnazshahani preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT zhongquangao preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT mumtazaqaisrani preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT naveedahmed preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT haseebyaqoob preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT fuadkhoshnaw preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste AT farooqsher preparationandcharacterisationofsustainablewoodplasticcompositesextractedfrommunicipalsolidwaste
_version_	1718431793051336704

Preparation and Characterisation of Sustainable Wood Plastic Composites Extracted from Municipal Solid Waste

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