Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage

Background: Measles is a highly contagious human infectious disease. It can lead to serious complications and often requires hospitalization. In Italy, as in other European countries, the goal of measles elimination in 2015 failed. To reach this target, identifying susceptible individuals, closing a...

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Autores principales:	Fabiana Fiasca, Stefano Necozione, Leila Fabiani, Marianna Mastrodomenico, Antonella Mattei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2019
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df82fcdf78c245698bdc293ddb2b06c2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df82fcdf78c245698bdc293ddb2b06c22021-12-02T08:20:04ZMeasles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage2214-999610.29024/aogh.2455https://doaj.org/article/df82fcdf78c245698bdc293ddb2b06c22019-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/2455https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background: Measles is a highly contagious human infectious disease. It can lead to serious complications and often requires hospitalization. In Italy, as in other European countries, the goal of measles elimination in 2015 failed. To reach this target, identifying susceptible individuals, closing any immunity gaps and reaching adequate vaccination coverage is necessary. Objective: To contribute to these purposes, a retrospective observational study on measles-related hospitalization between 2004 and 2016 in Italy was conducted, using the national hospital discharge database as informational flow. Methods: Admission frequencies and hospitalization rates were compared between regions with low (<90%) and high (≥90%) vaccination coverage for measles at age 24 months. Categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 test or the χ2 test for trend for ordinal variables; t test was performed to verify the significance when annual average hospitalization rates were compared. Trends of vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates were analyzed using the slope of the regression line. Findings: During the study period, 9,546 measles-related hospitalizations were collected in Italy, with an average annual number equal to 734. The overall measles hospitalization rates increased from 0.21 × 100,000 persons in 2004 to 0.82 × 100,000 in 2016 (β = 0.04; p = 0.689). A shift of mean age (from 1–17 years to 18–44 years) of measles-related hospitalizations was shown. A number of admissions for the low vaccination coverage group about twice as much as recorded for the other regional group was shown (6,344 vs 3,202). The involvement of 18–44 age class in the high vaccination coverage group was 14% higher compared with the low vaccination coverage group, in which, however, the 1–17 age class presented a 16% higher frequency. Conclusions: These findings confirmed that large measles epidemics continue to occur in Italy, although with regional differences related to different rates of measles immunization. Vaccination coverage >90% led to a halving of measles hospitalizations, but it is insufficient for the elimination: ≥95% coverage continues to be the target to be reached.Fabiana FiascaStefano NecozioneLeila FabianiMarianna MastrodomenicoAntonella MatteiUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 85, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Fabiana Fiasca Stefano Necozione Leila Fabiani Marianna Mastrodomenico Antonella Mattei Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
description	Background: Measles is a highly contagious human infectious disease. It can lead to serious complications and often requires hospitalization. In Italy, as in other European countries, the goal of measles elimination in 2015 failed. To reach this target, identifying susceptible individuals, closing any immunity gaps and reaching adequate vaccination coverage is necessary. Objective: To contribute to these purposes, a retrospective observational study on measles-related hospitalization between 2004 and 2016 in Italy was conducted, using the national hospital discharge database as informational flow. Methods: Admission frequencies and hospitalization rates were compared between regions with low (<90%) and high (≥90%) vaccination coverage for measles at age 24 months. Categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 test or the χ2 test for trend for ordinal variables; t test was performed to verify the significance when annual average hospitalization rates were compared. Trends of vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates were analyzed using the slope of the regression line. Findings: During the study period, 9,546 measles-related hospitalizations were collected in Italy, with an average annual number equal to 734. The overall measles hospitalization rates increased from 0.21 × 100,000 persons in 2004 to 0.82 × 100,000 in 2016 (β = 0.04; p = 0.689). A shift of mean age (from 1–17 years to 18–44 years) of measles-related hospitalizations was shown. A number of admissions for the low vaccination coverage group about twice as much as recorded for the other regional group was shown (6,344 vs 3,202). The involvement of 18–44 age class in the high vaccination coverage group was 14% higher compared with the low vaccination coverage group, in which, however, the 1–17 age class presented a 16% higher frequency. Conclusions: These findings confirmed that large measles epidemics continue to occur in Italy, although with regional differences related to different rates of measles immunization. Vaccination coverage >90% led to a halving of measles hospitalizations, but it is insufficient for the elimination: ≥95% coverage continues to be the target to be reached.
format	article
author	Fabiana Fiasca Stefano Necozione Leila Fabiani Marianna Mastrodomenico Antonella Mattei
author_facet	Fabiana Fiasca Stefano Necozione Leila Fabiani Marianna Mastrodomenico Antonella Mattei
author_sort	Fabiana Fiasca
title	Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
title_short	Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
title_full	Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
title_fullStr	Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
title_full_unstemmed	Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage
title_sort	measles-related hospitalizations in italy, 2004–2016: the importance of high vaccination coverage
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/df82fcdf78c245698bdc293ddb2b06c2
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Measles-Related Hospitalizations in Italy, 2004–2016: The Importance of High Vaccination Coverage

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