Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea

Abstract Dolphins emit short ultrasonic pulses (clicks) to acquire information about the surrounding environment, prey and habitat features. We investigated Delphinidae activity over multiple temporal scales through the detection of their echolocation clicks, using long-term Passive Acoustic Monitor...

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Autores principales:	Francesco Caruso, Giuseppe Alonge, Giorgio Bellia, Emilio De Domenico, Rosario Grammauta, Giuseppina Larosa, Salvatore Mazzola, Giorgio Riccobene, Gianni Pavan, Elena Papale, Carmelo Pellegrino, Sara Pulvirenti, Virginia Sciacca, Francesco Simeone, Fabrizio Speziale, Salvatore Viola, Giuseppa Buscaino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/df8de084a09f48559bfa6ad1a0c03c3d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:df8de084a09f48559bfa6ad1a0c03c3d2021-12-02T16:06:17ZLong-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea10.1038/s41598-017-04608-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/df8de084a09f48559bfa6ad1a0c03c3d2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04608-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Dolphins emit short ultrasonic pulses (clicks) to acquire information about the surrounding environment, prey and habitat features. We investigated Delphinidae activity over multiple temporal scales through the detection of their echolocation clicks, using long-term Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM). The Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare operates multidisciplinary seafloor observatories in a deep area of the Central Mediterranean Sea. The Ocean noise Detection Experiment collected data offshore the Gulf of Catania from January 2005 to November 2006, allowing the study of temporal patterns of dolphin activity in this deep pelagic zone for the first time. Nearly 5,500 five-minute recordings acquired over two years were examined using spectrogram analysis and through development and testing of an automatic detection algorithm. Echolocation activity of dolphins was mostly confined to nighttime and crepuscular hours, in contrast with communicative signals (whistles). Seasonal variation, with a peak number of clicks in August, was also evident, but no effect of lunar cycle was observed. Temporal trends in echolocation corresponded to environmental and trophic variability known in the deep pelagic waters of the Ionian Sea. Long-term PAM and the continued development of automatic analysis techniques are essential to advancing the study of pelagic marine mammal distribution and behaviour patterns.Francesco CarusoGiuseppe AlongeGiorgio BelliaEmilio De DomenicoRosario GrammautaGiuseppina LarosaSalvatore MazzolaGiorgio RiccobeneGianni PavanElena PapaleCarmelo PellegrinoSara PulvirentiVirginia SciaccaFrancesco SimeoneFabrizio SpezialeSalvatore ViolaGiuseppa BuscainoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Francesco Caruso Giuseppe Alonge Giorgio Bellia Emilio De Domenico Rosario Grammauta Giuseppina Larosa Salvatore Mazzola Giorgio Riccobene Gianni Pavan Elena Papale Carmelo Pellegrino Sara Pulvirenti Virginia Sciacca Francesco Simeone Fabrizio Speziale Salvatore Viola Giuseppa Buscaino Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
description	Abstract Dolphins emit short ultrasonic pulses (clicks) to acquire information about the surrounding environment, prey and habitat features. We investigated Delphinidae activity over multiple temporal scales through the detection of their echolocation clicks, using long-term Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM). The Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare operates multidisciplinary seafloor observatories in a deep area of the Central Mediterranean Sea. The Ocean noise Detection Experiment collected data offshore the Gulf of Catania from January 2005 to November 2006, allowing the study of temporal patterns of dolphin activity in this deep pelagic zone for the first time. Nearly 5,500 five-minute recordings acquired over two years were examined using spectrogram analysis and through development and testing of an automatic detection algorithm. Echolocation activity of dolphins was mostly confined to nighttime and crepuscular hours, in contrast with communicative signals (whistles). Seasonal variation, with a peak number of clicks in August, was also evident, but no effect of lunar cycle was observed. Temporal trends in echolocation corresponded to environmental and trophic variability known in the deep pelagic waters of the Ionian Sea. Long-term PAM and the continued development of automatic analysis techniques are essential to advancing the study of pelagic marine mammal distribution and behaviour patterns.
format	article
author	Francesco Caruso Giuseppe Alonge Giorgio Bellia Emilio De Domenico Rosario Grammauta Giuseppina Larosa Salvatore Mazzola Giorgio Riccobene Gianni Pavan Elena Papale Carmelo Pellegrino Sara Pulvirenti Virginia Sciacca Francesco Simeone Fabrizio Speziale Salvatore Viola Giuseppa Buscaino
author_facet	Francesco Caruso Giuseppe Alonge Giorgio Bellia Emilio De Domenico Rosario Grammauta Giuseppina Larosa Salvatore Mazzola Giorgio Riccobene Gianni Pavan Elena Papale Carmelo Pellegrino Sara Pulvirenti Virginia Sciacca Francesco Simeone Fabrizio Speziale Salvatore Viola Giuseppa Buscaino
author_sort	Francesco Caruso
title	Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
title_short	Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
title_full	Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
title_fullStr	Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea
title_sort	long-term monitoring of dolphin biosonar activity in deep pelagic waters of the mediterranean sea
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/df8de084a09f48559bfa6ad1a0c03c3d
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Long-Term Monitoring of Dolphin Biosonar Activity in Deep Pelagic Waters of the Mediterranean Sea

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