Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.

Alcoholic beverages played an essential role in rituals in ancient societies. Here we report the first evidence for beer drinking in the context of burial ritual in early Holocene southern China. Recent archaeological investigations at Qiaotou (9,000-8,700 cal. BP) have revealed a platform mound con...

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Autores principales:	Jiajing Wang, Leping Jiang, Hanlong Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dfa4c91bf6e2414fbe3b1794d05a688a
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:dfa4c91bf6e2414fbe3b1794d05a688a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dfa4c91bf6e2414fbe3b1794d05a688a2021-12-02T20:18:17ZEarly evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255833https://doaj.org/article/dfa4c91bf6e2414fbe3b1794d05a688a2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255833https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Alcoholic beverages played an essential role in rituals in ancient societies. Here we report the first evidence for beer drinking in the context of burial ritual in early Holocene southern China. Recent archaeological investigations at Qiaotou (9,000-8,700 cal. BP) have revealed a platform mound containing human burials and high concentrations of painted pottery, encircled by a human-made ditch. By applying microfossil (starch, phytolith, and fungi) residue analysis on the pottery vessels, we found that some of the pots held beer made of rice (Oryza sp.), Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), and USOs. We also discovered the earliest evidence for using mold saccharification-fermentation starter in beer making, predating written records by 8,000 years. The beer at Qiaotou was likely served in rituals to commemorate the burial of the dead. Ritualized drinking probably played an integrative role in maintaining social relationships, paving the way for the rise of complex farming societies four millennia later.Jiajing WangLeping JiangHanlong SunPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255833 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jiajing Wang Leping Jiang Hanlong Sun Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
description	Alcoholic beverages played an essential role in rituals in ancient societies. Here we report the first evidence for beer drinking in the context of burial ritual in early Holocene southern China. Recent archaeological investigations at Qiaotou (9,000-8,700 cal. BP) have revealed a platform mound containing human burials and high concentrations of painted pottery, encircled by a human-made ditch. By applying microfossil (starch, phytolith, and fungi) residue analysis on the pottery vessels, we found that some of the pots held beer made of rice (Oryza sp.), Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi), and USOs. We also discovered the earliest evidence for using mold saccharification-fermentation starter in beer making, predating written records by 8,000 years. The beer at Qiaotou was likely served in rituals to commemorate the burial of the dead. Ritualized drinking probably played an integrative role in maintaining social relationships, paving the way for the rise of complex farming societies four millennia later.
format	article
author	Jiajing Wang Leping Jiang Hanlong Sun
author_facet	Jiajing Wang Leping Jiang Hanlong Sun
author_sort	Jiajing Wang
title	Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
title_short	Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
title_full	Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
title_fullStr	Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
title_full_unstemmed	Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.
title_sort	early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern china.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/dfa4c91bf6e2414fbe3b1794d05a688a
work_keys_str_mv	AT jiajingwang earlyevidenceforbeerdrinkingina9000yearoldplatformmoundinsouthernchina AT lepingjiang earlyevidenceforbeerdrinkingina9000yearoldplatformmoundinsouthernchina AT hanlongsun earlyevidenceforbeerdrinkingina9000yearoldplatformmoundinsouthernchina
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Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China.

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