Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds

Abstract Life-history theory predicts that current behaviour affects future reproduction, implying that animals should optimise their escape strategies to reflect fitness costs and benefits of premature escape. Both costs and benefits of escape may change temporally with important consequences for t...

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Autores principales:	Peter Mikula, Mario Díaz, Tomáš Albrecht, Jukka Jokimäki, Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki, Gal Kroitero, Anders Pape Møller, Piotr Tryjanowski, Reuven Yosef, Martin Hromada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Flight Initiation Distance (FID) Escape Strategies Stop-over Sites Premature Escape Flock Size Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/dfe5934deb2646d0a8d39cd2676677d5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:dfe5934deb2646d0a8d39cd2676677d52021-12-02T15:09:10ZAdjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds10.1038/s41598-018-32252-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/dfe5934deb2646d0a8d39cd2676677d52018-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32252-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Life-history theory predicts that current behaviour affects future reproduction, implying that animals should optimise their escape strategies to reflect fitness costs and benefits of premature escape. Both costs and benefits of escape may change temporally with important consequences for the evolution of escape strategies. Moreover, escape strategies of species may differ according to their positions on slow–fast pace of life gradients. We studied risk-taking in long-distance migratory animals, waders (Charadriiformes), during the annual cycle, i.e., breeding in Europe, stopover in the Middle East and wintering in tropical Africa. Phylogenetically informed comparative analyses revealed that risk-taking (measured as flight initiation distance, FID) changed significantly over the year, being lowest during breeding and peaking at stopover sites. Similarly, relationships between risk-taking and life-history traits changed among stages of the annual cycle. While risk-taking significantly decreased with increasing body mass during breeding, risk-taking–body mass relationship became marginally significant in winter and disappeared during migration. The positive trend of risk-taking along slow–fast pace of life gradient measured as adult survival was only found during breeding. The season-dependent relationships between risk-taking and life history traits suggest that migrating animals respond to fluctuating environments by adopting behavioural plasticity.Peter MikulaMario DíazTomáš AlbrechtJukka JokimäkiMarja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-JokimäkiGal KroiteroAnders Pape MøllerPiotr TryjanowskiReuven YosefMartin HromadaNature PortfolioarticleFlight Initiation Distance (FID)Escape StrategiesStop-over SitesPremature EscapeFlock SizeMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Flight Initiation Distance (FID) Escape Strategies Stop-over Sites Premature Escape Flock Size Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Flight Initiation Distance (FID) Escape Strategies Stop-over Sites Premature Escape Flock Size Medicine R Science Q Peter Mikula Mario Díaz Tomáš Albrecht Jukka Jokimäki Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki Gal Kroitero Anders Pape Møller Piotr Tryjanowski Reuven Yosef Martin Hromada Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
description	Abstract Life-history theory predicts that current behaviour affects future reproduction, implying that animals should optimise their escape strategies to reflect fitness costs and benefits of premature escape. Both costs and benefits of escape may change temporally with important consequences for the evolution of escape strategies. Moreover, escape strategies of species may differ according to their positions on slow–fast pace of life gradients. We studied risk-taking in long-distance migratory animals, waders (Charadriiformes), during the annual cycle, i.e., breeding in Europe, stopover in the Middle East and wintering in tropical Africa. Phylogenetically informed comparative analyses revealed that risk-taking (measured as flight initiation distance, FID) changed significantly over the year, being lowest during breeding and peaking at stopover sites. Similarly, relationships between risk-taking and life-history traits changed among stages of the annual cycle. While risk-taking significantly decreased with increasing body mass during breeding, risk-taking–body mass relationship became marginally significant in winter and disappeared during migration. The positive trend of risk-taking along slow–fast pace of life gradient measured as adult survival was only found during breeding. The season-dependent relationships between risk-taking and life history traits suggest that migrating animals respond to fluctuating environments by adopting behavioural plasticity.
format	article
author	Peter Mikula Mario Díaz Tomáš Albrecht Jukka Jokimäki Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki Gal Kroitero Anders Pape Møller Piotr Tryjanowski Reuven Yosef Martin Hromada
author_facet	Peter Mikula Mario Díaz Tomáš Albrecht Jukka Jokimäki Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki Gal Kroitero Anders Pape Møller Piotr Tryjanowski Reuven Yosef Martin Hromada
author_sort	Peter Mikula
title	Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
title_short	Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
title_full	Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
title_fullStr	Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
title_full_unstemmed	Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
title_sort	adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/dfe5934deb2646d0a8d39cd2676677d5
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Adjusting risk-taking to the annual cycle of long-distance migratory birds

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