Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data

Pressurised pipe systems transport fluids daily over long distances and sediment deposits are responsible for narrowing the cross-sectional area of the pipe. This reduces the carrying capacity in gravity pipes and increases the energy consumption in rising mains. As partial blockages do not give ris...

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Autores principales:	Nuno M. C. Martins, Dídia I. C. Covas, Silvia Meniconi, Caterina Capponi, Bruno Brunone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	cfd low-reynolds number flow partial blockage pipes sharp-edge orifice Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e08570124030449d87c6558cf92e4489
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e08570124030449d87c6558cf92e44892021-11-05T17:48:48ZCharacterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data1464-71411465-173410.2166/hydro.2021.101https://doaj.org/article/e08570124030449d87c6558cf92e44892021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jh.iwaponline.com/content/23/4/709https://doaj.org/toc/1464-7141https://doaj.org/toc/1465-1734Pressurised pipe systems transport fluids daily over long distances and sediment deposits are responsible for narrowing the cross-sectional area of the pipe. This reduces the carrying capacity in gravity pipes and increases the energy consumption in rising mains. As partial blockages do not give rise to any external evidence, they are considered the most insidious fault occurring in pipe systems. Thus, the refinement of reliable techniques for detecting partial blockages at an early stage is of great interest to water utilities. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based analysis of the steady-state flow through a sharp-edged orifice which corresponds to the most straightforward partial blockage feature in a pipe. The main motivation is the fact that the interaction between pressure waves and a partial blockage – on which Transient Test-Based Techniques for fault detection are based – is strongly influenced by the pre-transient conditions at the partial blockage. The refined CFD model has been validated by considering experimental data selected from the literature. The comparison of obtained results demonstrates good performance of the numerical model. This authorised exploring in detail the features of the flow through the orifice as a necessary premise to its use within the successive transient analysis. HIGHLIGHTS A comprehensive analysis of the low-Reynolds number flow through a sharp-edged orifice (partial blockage) is provided by computational fluid dynamics (CFD).; The successful comparison of CFD with reference papers demonstrates that the model accurately describes the laminar flow through an orifice in steady-state conditions.; The obtained results can be further used for the transient analysis of the interaction between a pressure wave and the obstacle.;Nuno M. C. MartinsDídia I. C. CovasSilvia MeniconiCaterina CapponiBruno BrunoneIWA Publishingarticlecfdlow-reynolds number flowpartial blockagepipessharp-edge orificeInformation technologyT58.5-58.64Environmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENJournal of Hydroinformatics, Vol 23, Iss 4, Pp 709-723 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cfd low-reynolds number flow partial blockage pipes sharp-edge orifice Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	cfd low-reynolds number flow partial blockage pipes sharp-edge orifice Information technology T58.5-58.64 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Nuno M. C. Martins Dídia I. C. Covas Silvia Meniconi Caterina Capponi Bruno Brunone Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
description	Pressurised pipe systems transport fluids daily over long distances and sediment deposits are responsible for narrowing the cross-sectional area of the pipe. This reduces the carrying capacity in gravity pipes and increases the energy consumption in rising mains. As partial blockages do not give rise to any external evidence, they are considered the most insidious fault occurring in pipe systems. Thus, the refinement of reliable techniques for detecting partial blockages at an early stage is of great interest to water utilities. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based analysis of the steady-state flow through a sharp-edged orifice which corresponds to the most straightforward partial blockage feature in a pipe. The main motivation is the fact that the interaction between pressure waves and a partial blockage – on which Transient Test-Based Techniques for fault detection are based – is strongly influenced by the pre-transient conditions at the partial blockage. The refined CFD model has been validated by considering experimental data selected from the literature. The comparison of obtained results demonstrates good performance of the numerical model. This authorised exploring in detail the features of the flow through the orifice as a necessary premise to its use within the successive transient analysis. HIGHLIGHTS A comprehensive analysis of the low-Reynolds number flow through a sharp-edged orifice (partial blockage) is provided by computational fluid dynamics (CFD).; The successful comparison of CFD with reference papers demonstrates that the model accurately describes the laminar flow through an orifice in steady-state conditions.; The obtained results can be further used for the transient analysis of the interaction between a pressure wave and the obstacle.;
format	article
author	Nuno M. C. Martins Dídia I. C. Covas Silvia Meniconi Caterina Capponi Bruno Brunone
author_facet	Nuno M. C. Martins Dídia I. C. Covas Silvia Meniconi Caterina Capponi Bruno Brunone
author_sort	Nuno M. C. Martins
title	Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
title_short	Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
title_full	Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
title_fullStr	Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
title_full_unstemmed	Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data
title_sort	characterisation of low-reynolds number flow through an orifice: cfd results vs. laboratory data
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e08570124030449d87c6558cf92e4489
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Characterisation of low-Reynolds number flow through an orifice: CFD results vs. laboratory data

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