Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration

Wool derived keratin has garnered significant advancements in the field of biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration. The main limitation of keratin-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering is their fragile nature. This paper proposes the development of a novel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (H...

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Autores principales:	Sandleen Feroz, George Dias
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Keratin (Hydroxypropyl) methylcellulose Hydroxyapatite Alveolar bone Dental implants Tissue engineering Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e0955750d8f34baf8e2abd16726f830d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e0955750d8f34baf8e2abd16726f830d2021-12-02T05:02:29ZHydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration2405-844010.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08294https://doaj.org/article/e0955750d8f34baf8e2abd16726f830d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021023975https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Wool derived keratin has garnered significant advancements in the field of biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration. The main limitation of keratin-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering is their fragile nature. This paper proposes the development of a novel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin scaffold, containing hydroxyapatite as a major inorganic component by freeze drying technique for alveolar bone regeneration. The prepared keratin/hydroxyapatite/HPMC (K/HA/HPMC) scaffold was characterized to study its chemical, physical, and mechanical properties by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-Ray diffractometric (XRD) analysis. The SEM images of the scaffolds showed highly porous interconnected architecture with average pore size of 108.36 ± 22.56 while microcomputed tomographic analysis measured total porosity as 79.65 %±. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) analysis confirmed that inorganic component of scaffold was mainly composed of calcium and phosphorous ions having Ca/P molar ration of 1.6. The maximum compressive strength was found to be in the range of 0.841 ± 0.37 MPa. Furthermore, the K/HA/HPMC scaffold was structurally stable and weight loss of about 26% was observed when soaked in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) for 28 days. In vitro biocompatibility testing showed that K/HA/HPMC scaffold was cytocompatible and supported the attachment, proliferation of osteoblast (Saos-2) cells. Thus, the development of a non-toxic chemical cross-linking system with HPMC was investigated to fabricate K/HA/HPMC scaffold and our results showed great potential of these scaffolds to regenerate alveolar bone due to their structural similarity and excellent in vitro biocompatibility.Sandleen FerozGeorge DiasElsevierarticleKeratin(Hydroxypropyl) methylcelluloseHydroxyapatiteAlveolar boneDental implantsTissue engineeringScience (General)Q1-390Social sciences (General)H1-99ENHeliyon, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp e08294- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Keratin (Hydroxypropyl) methylcellulose Hydroxyapatite Alveolar bone Dental implants Tissue engineering Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	Keratin (Hydroxypropyl) methylcellulose Hydroxyapatite Alveolar bone Dental implants Tissue engineering Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99 Sandleen Feroz George Dias Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
description	Wool derived keratin has garnered significant advancements in the field of biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration. The main limitation of keratin-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering is their fragile nature. This paper proposes the development of a novel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin scaffold, containing hydroxyapatite as a major inorganic component by freeze drying technique for alveolar bone regeneration. The prepared keratin/hydroxyapatite/HPMC (K/HA/HPMC) scaffold was characterized to study its chemical, physical, and mechanical properties by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-Ray diffractometric (XRD) analysis. The SEM images of the scaffolds showed highly porous interconnected architecture with average pore size of 108.36 ± 22.56 while microcomputed tomographic analysis measured total porosity as 79.65 %±. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) analysis confirmed that inorganic component of scaffold was mainly composed of calcium and phosphorous ions having Ca/P molar ration of 1.6. The maximum compressive strength was found to be in the range of 0.841 ± 0.37 MPa. Furthermore, the K/HA/HPMC scaffold was structurally stable and weight loss of about 26% was observed when soaked in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) for 28 days. In vitro biocompatibility testing showed that K/HA/HPMC scaffold was cytocompatible and supported the attachment, proliferation of osteoblast (Saos-2) cells. Thus, the development of a non-toxic chemical cross-linking system with HPMC was investigated to fabricate K/HA/HPMC scaffold and our results showed great potential of these scaffolds to regenerate alveolar bone due to their structural similarity and excellent in vitro biocompatibility.
format	article
author	Sandleen Feroz George Dias
author_facet	Sandleen Feroz George Dias
author_sort	Sandleen Feroz
title	Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
title_short	Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
title_full	Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
title_fullStr	Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
title_full_unstemmed	Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
title_sort	hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (hpmc) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (ha) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e0955750d8f34baf8e2abd16726f830d
work_keys_str_mv	AT sandleenferoz hydroxypropylmethylcellulosehpmccrosslinkedkeratinhydroxyapatitehascaffoldfabricationcharacterizationandinvitrobiocompatibilityassessmentasabonegraftforalveolarboneregeneration AT georgedias hydroxypropylmethylcellulosehpmccrosslinkedkeratinhydroxyapatitehascaffoldfabricationcharacterizationandinvitrobiocompatibilityassessmentasabonegraftforalveolarboneregeneration
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Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) crosslinked keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold fabrication, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility assessment as a bone graft for alveolar bone regeneration

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