Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex 398 (CC398) are highly prevalent in livestock and companion animals but may also cause serious infections in humans. CC398 strains in livestock usually do not possess well-known virulence factors that can be frequently found...

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Autores principales:	Britta Kraushaar, Jens Andre Hammerl, Marina Kienöl, Marie Luise Heinig, Nina Sperling, Mai Dinh Thanh, Jochen Reetz, Claudia Jäckel, Alexandra Fetsch, Stefan Hertwig
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e0a15b410b6f4a30a8dbe848c25c3c66
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e0a15b410b6f4a30a8dbe848c25c3c662021-12-02T12:32:00ZAcquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages10.1038/s41598-017-02175-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e0a15b410b6f4a30a8dbe848c25c3c662017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02175-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex 398 (CC398) are highly prevalent in livestock and companion animals but may also cause serious infections in humans. CC398 strains in livestock usually do not possess well-known virulence factors that can be frequently found in other MRSA sequence types (ST). Since many staphylococcal virulence genes are residing on the genomes of temperate phages, the question arises why livestock-associated (LA-) CC398 strains are only rarely infected by those phages. We isolated and characterized four temperate phages (P240, P282, P630 and P1105) containing genes of the immune evasion cluster (IEC) and/or for the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). Sequence analysis of the phage genomes showed that they are closely related to known phages and that the DNA region encoding lysis proteins, virulence factors and the integrase exhibits numerous DNA repeats which may facilitate genomic rearrangements. All phages lysed and lysogenized LA-CC398 strains. Integration of IEC phage P282 was detected at ten sites of the hosts’ chromosome. The prophages were stably inherited in LA-CC398 and enterotoxin A, staphylokinase and PVL toxin were produced. The data demonstrate that lysogenic conversion of LA-CC398 strains by virulence-associated phages may occur and that new pathotypes may emerge by this mechanism.Britta KraushaarJens Andre HammerlMarina KienölMarie Luise HeinigNina SperlingMai Dinh ThanhJochen ReetzClaudia JäckelAlexandra FetschStefan HertwigNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Britta Kraushaar Jens Andre Hammerl Marina Kienöl Marie Luise Heinig Nina Sperling Mai Dinh Thanh Jochen Reetz Claudia Jäckel Alexandra Fetsch Stefan Hertwig Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
description	Abstract Staphylococcus aureus MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex 398 (CC398) are highly prevalent in livestock and companion animals but may also cause serious infections in humans. CC398 strains in livestock usually do not possess well-known virulence factors that can be frequently found in other MRSA sequence types (ST). Since many staphylococcal virulence genes are residing on the genomes of temperate phages, the question arises why livestock-associated (LA-) CC398 strains are only rarely infected by those phages. We isolated and characterized four temperate phages (P240, P282, P630 and P1105) containing genes of the immune evasion cluster (IEC) and/or for the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). Sequence analysis of the phage genomes showed that they are closely related to known phages and that the DNA region encoding lysis proteins, virulence factors and the integrase exhibits numerous DNA repeats which may facilitate genomic rearrangements. All phages lysed and lysogenized LA-CC398 strains. Integration of IEC phage P282 was detected at ten sites of the hosts’ chromosome. The prophages were stably inherited in LA-CC398 and enterotoxin A, staphylokinase and PVL toxin were produced. The data demonstrate that lysogenic conversion of LA-CC398 strains by virulence-associated phages may occur and that new pathotypes may emerge by this mechanism.
format	article
author	Britta Kraushaar Jens Andre Hammerl Marina Kienöl Marie Luise Heinig Nina Sperling Mai Dinh Thanh Jochen Reetz Claudia Jäckel Alexandra Fetsch Stefan Hertwig
author_facet	Britta Kraushaar Jens Andre Hammerl Marina Kienöl Marie Luise Heinig Nina Sperling Mai Dinh Thanh Jochen Reetz Claudia Jäckel Alexandra Fetsch Stefan Hertwig
author_sort	Britta Kraushaar
title	Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
title_short	Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
title_full	Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
title_fullStr	Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
title_full_unstemmed	Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
title_sort	acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated mrsa: lysogenic conversion of cc398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e0a15b410b6f4a30a8dbe848c25c3c66
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Acquisition of virulence factors in livestock-associated MRSA: Lysogenic conversion of CC398 strains by virulence gene-containing phages

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