Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract Background Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) may experience psychological distress (depression, anxiety) in addition to their physical symptoms. People with RA may also experience disease-specific distress (DSD), related to the specific burden of living with their life-long condition....

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Autores principales:	Linda Silke, Othman Kirresh, Jackie Sturt, Heidi Lempp
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Distress Patient Reported Outcome Measure Qualitative research Rheumatoid Arthritis Secondary analysis Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e0a46b242b5b4d1bbf63f9493868546f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e0a46b242b5b4d1bbf63f9493868546f2021-11-21T12:26:57ZDevelopment of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis10.1186/s41927-021-00220-42520-1026https://doaj.org/article/e0a46b242b5b4d1bbf63f9493868546f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-021-00220-4https://doaj.org/toc/2520-1026Abstract Background Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) may experience psychological distress (depression, anxiety) in addition to their physical symptoms. People with RA may also experience disease-specific distress (DSD), related to the specific burden of living with their life-long condition. DSD is a patient reported outcome in several long-term conditions, including type 1 and 2 diabetes. The aims of this study were to determine whether DSD is experienced by people with RA, and if so, develop a Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to assess for DSD in people with RA. Methods A five-phased qualitative study was conducted which consisted of a secondary data analysis of 61 interviews of people with rheumatological disease (Phase 1), validation of findings via a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group of people with RA (n = 4) (Phase 2), item generation for a PROM (Phase 3) and establishing face and content validity of the PROM via PPI group (n = 4) and individual cognitive interviews (n = 9) of people with RA respectively (Phase 4 and 5). The final PROM was presented at a Patient Education Evening for patients with long-term rheumatological conditions, including RA, and carers. Results Five themes of rheumatological disease distress emerged from Phase 1, which were validated in the Phase 2 PPI group. After Phases 3–5, the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS) was formed of 39 items and 3 supplementary questions. Overall participants reported the content of the RADS to be clear and relevant, and that DSD is a valid concept in RA, distinct from other entities like clinical depression or anxiety. Conclusions DSD appears to be an important concept in RA. The 39-item RADS demonstrates acceptable face and content validity in this patient group. Further psychometric testing is needed. The RADS may be a useful tool for healthcare professionals to identify RA distress.Linda SilkeOthman KirreshJackie SturtHeidi LemppBMCarticleDistressPatient Reported Outcome MeasureQualitative researchRheumatoid ArthritisSecondary analysisDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemRC925-935ENBMC Rheumatology, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Distress Patient Reported Outcome Measure Qualitative research Rheumatoid Arthritis Secondary analysis Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
spellingShingle	Distress Patient Reported Outcome Measure Qualitative research Rheumatoid Arthritis Secondary analysis Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935 Linda Silke Othman Kirresh Jackie Sturt Heidi Lempp Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
description	Abstract Background Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) may experience psychological distress (depression, anxiety) in addition to their physical symptoms. People with RA may also experience disease-specific distress (DSD), related to the specific burden of living with their life-long condition. DSD is a patient reported outcome in several long-term conditions, including type 1 and 2 diabetes. The aims of this study were to determine whether DSD is experienced by people with RA, and if so, develop a Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to assess for DSD in people with RA. Methods A five-phased qualitative study was conducted which consisted of a secondary data analysis of 61 interviews of people with rheumatological disease (Phase 1), validation of findings via a Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) group of people with RA (n = 4) (Phase 2), item generation for a PROM (Phase 3) and establishing face and content validity of the PROM via PPI group (n = 4) and individual cognitive interviews (n = 9) of people with RA respectively (Phase 4 and 5). The final PROM was presented at a Patient Education Evening for patients with long-term rheumatological conditions, including RA, and carers. Results Five themes of rheumatological disease distress emerged from Phase 1, which were validated in the Phase 2 PPI group. After Phases 3–5, the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS) was formed of 39 items and 3 supplementary questions. Overall participants reported the content of the RADS to be clear and relevant, and that DSD is a valid concept in RA, distinct from other entities like clinical depression or anxiety. Conclusions DSD appears to be an important concept in RA. The 39-item RADS demonstrates acceptable face and content validity in this patient group. Further psychometric testing is needed. The RADS may be a useful tool for healthcare professionals to identify RA distress.
format	article
author	Linda Silke Othman Kirresh Jackie Sturt Heidi Lempp
author_facet	Linda Silke Othman Kirresh Jackie Sturt Heidi Lempp
author_sort	Linda Silke
title	Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_short	Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_full	Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_fullStr	Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_full_unstemmed	Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
title_sort	development of the rheumatoid arthritis distress scale (rads): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e0a46b242b5b4d1bbf63f9493868546f
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Development of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Distress Scale (RADS): a new tool to identify disease-specific distress in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

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