Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.

<h4>Objectives</h4>As a liquid organic fertilizer used in agriculture, digestate is rich in many nutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium); their utilization may be however less efficient in soils poor in organic carbon (due to low carbon:nitrogen ratio). In order...

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Autores principales:	Jiri Holatko, Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Antonin Kintl, Subhan Danish, Petr Skarpa, Oldrich Latal, Tivadar Baltazar, Shah Fahad, Hanife Akça, Suleyman Taban, Eliska Kobzova, Rahul Datta, Ondrej Malicek, Ghulam Sabir Hussain, Martin Brtnicky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e0b0799349ca4b5287c6824cd11a685a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e0b0799349ca4b5287c6824cd11a685a2021-12-02T20:05:13ZEffect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252262https://doaj.org/article/e0b0799349ca4b5287c6824cd11a685a2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252262https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objectives</h4>As a liquid organic fertilizer used in agriculture, digestate is rich in many nutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium); their utilization may be however less efficient in soils poor in organic carbon (due to low carbon:nitrogen ratio). In order to solve the disadvantages, digestate enrichment with carbon-rich amendments biochar or humic acids (Humac) was tested.<h4>Methods</h4>Soil variants amended with enriched digestate: digestate + biochar, digestate + Humac, and digestate + combined biochar and humic acids-were compared to control with untreated digestate in their effect on total soil carbon and nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities in a pot experiment. Yield of the test crop lettuce was also determined for all variants.<h4>Results</h4>Soil respiration was the most significantly increased property, positively affected by digestate + Humac. Both digestate + biochar and digestate + Humac significantly increased microbial biomass carbon. Significant negative effect of digestate + biochar (compared to the control digestate) on particular enzyme activities was alleviated by the addition of humic acids. No significant differences among the tested variants were found in the above-ground and root plant biomass.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The tested organic supplements improved the digestate effect on some determined soil properties. We deduced from the results (carbon:nitrogen ratio, microbial biomass and activity) that the assimilation of nutrients by plants increased; however, the most desired positive effect on the yield of crop biomass was not demonstrated. We assume that the digestate enrichment with organic amendments may be more beneficial in a long time-scaled trial.Jiri HolatkoTereza HammerschmiedtAntonin KintlSubhan DanishPetr SkarpaOldrich LatalTivadar BaltazarShah FahadHanife AkçaSuleyman TabanEliska KobzovaRahul DattaOndrej MalicekGhulam Sabir HussainMartin BrtnickyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0252262 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jiri Holatko Tereza Hammerschmiedt Antonin Kintl Subhan Danish Petr Skarpa Oldrich Latal Tivadar Baltazar Shah Fahad Hanife Akça Suleyman Taban Eliska Kobzova Rahul Datta Ondrej Malicek Ghulam Sabir Hussain Martin Brtnicky Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
description	<h4>Objectives</h4>As a liquid organic fertilizer used in agriculture, digestate is rich in many nutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium); their utilization may be however less efficient in soils poor in organic carbon (due to low carbon:nitrogen ratio). In order to solve the disadvantages, digestate enrichment with carbon-rich amendments biochar or humic acids (Humac) was tested.<h4>Methods</h4>Soil variants amended with enriched digestate: digestate + biochar, digestate + Humac, and digestate + combined biochar and humic acids-were compared to control with untreated digestate in their effect on total soil carbon and nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities in a pot experiment. Yield of the test crop lettuce was also determined for all variants.<h4>Results</h4>Soil respiration was the most significantly increased property, positively affected by digestate + Humac. Both digestate + biochar and digestate + Humac significantly increased microbial biomass carbon. Significant negative effect of digestate + biochar (compared to the control digestate) on particular enzyme activities was alleviated by the addition of humic acids. No significant differences among the tested variants were found in the above-ground and root plant biomass.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The tested organic supplements improved the digestate effect on some determined soil properties. We deduced from the results (carbon:nitrogen ratio, microbial biomass and activity) that the assimilation of nutrients by plants increased; however, the most desired positive effect on the yield of crop biomass was not demonstrated. We assume that the digestate enrichment with organic amendments may be more beneficial in a long time-scaled trial.
format	article
author	Jiri Holatko Tereza Hammerschmiedt Antonin Kintl Subhan Danish Petr Skarpa Oldrich Latal Tivadar Baltazar Shah Fahad Hanife Akça Suleyman Taban Eliska Kobzova Rahul Datta Ondrej Malicek Ghulam Sabir Hussain Martin Brtnicky
author_facet	Jiri Holatko Tereza Hammerschmiedt Antonin Kintl Subhan Danish Petr Skarpa Oldrich Latal Tivadar Baltazar Shah Fahad Hanife Akça Suleyman Taban Eliska Kobzova Rahul Datta Ondrej Malicek Ghulam Sabir Hussain Martin Brtnicky
author_sort	Jiri Holatko
title	Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
title_short	Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
title_full	Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
title_fullStr	Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
title_sort	effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e0b0799349ca4b5287c6824cd11a685a
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Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity.

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