Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents

Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of...

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Autores principales:	Wonchul Choi, Sang-June Lee, Jongbeom Oh, Hongseok Baek, Jinhyuk Yang, Jaeyeon Shin, Bosung Jung, Soonchul Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	patellar dislocation patellar instability trochlea dysplasia patellofemoral joint Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e0bba170f95841cfb4b8bd490fc523d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e0bba170f95841cfb4b8bd490fc523d82021-11-25T17:20:31ZMagnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents10.3390/diagnostics111119852075-4418https://doaj.org/article/e0bba170f95841cfb4b8bd490fc523d82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/11/1985https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4418Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of the patellofemoral joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 852 patients aged between 4 and 18 years with a history of knee MRI examinations were screened for eligibility and 663 patients (470 males, 193 females) were included. Patients were divided into groups according to age and sex. The age group was divided into five groups (Group 1, 4–6 years; Group 2, 7–9 years; Group 3, 10–12 years; Group 4, 13–15 years; and Group 5, 16–18 years). Three orthopaedic surgeons measured MRI parameters reflecting the patellofemoral morphology (sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth) and alignment (tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, percent sulcus location, and percent tibia tuberosity location). Results: Parameters including tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, sulcus angle, percent tibial tuberosity location, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth showed significant differences between the age groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The sulcus angle decreased fin Group 2, and the femoral depth showed an increasing trend with aging in male patients. However, the sulcus angle in females decreased first and then increased in Group 3 as the inflection point. The femoral depth showed an opposite pattern. Conclusions: Patellofemoral morphometry showed age and gender variation. Notably, the sulcus angle and femoral depth were significantly different between males and females and changed according to the development. These findings may reflect the sex difference and peak incidence of the patellar instability risk. Understanding the morphological changes and differences of the patellofemoral joint may facilitate the diagnosis of patellofemoral pathologies.Wonchul ChoiSang-June LeeJongbeom OhHongseok BaekJinhyuk YangJaeyeon ShinBosung JungSoonchul LeeMDPI AGarticlepatellar dislocationpatellar instabilitytrochlea dysplasiapatellofemoral jointMedicine (General)R5-920ENDiagnostics, Vol 11, Iss 1985, p 1985 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	patellar dislocation patellar instability trochlea dysplasia patellofemoral joint Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	patellar dislocation patellar instability trochlea dysplasia patellofemoral joint Medicine (General) R5-920 Wonchul Choi Sang-June Lee Jongbeom Oh Hongseok Baek Jinhyuk Yang Jaeyeon Shin Bosung Jung Soonchul Lee Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
description	Background: The morphology and alignment of the patellofemoral joint are crucial risk factors for patellar instability, and the incidence of acute primary patellar dislocation is the highest in women in their second decade of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze age and gender variations of the patellofemoral joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: A total of 852 patients aged between 4 and 18 years with a history of knee MRI examinations were screened for eligibility and 663 patients (470 males, 193 females) were included. Patients were divided into groups according to age and sex. The age group was divided into five groups (Group 1, 4–6 years; Group 2, 7–9 years; Group 3, 10–12 years; Group 4, 13–15 years; and Group 5, 16–18 years). Three orthopaedic surgeons measured MRI parameters reflecting the patellofemoral morphology (sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth) and alignment (tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, percent sulcus location, and percent tibia tuberosity location). Results: Parameters including tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, sulcus angle, percent tibial tuberosity location, trochlear facet symmetry, and femoral depth showed significant differences between the age groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The sulcus angle decreased fin Group 2, and the femoral depth showed an increasing trend with aging in male patients. However, the sulcus angle in females decreased first and then increased in Group 3 as the inflection point. The femoral depth showed an opposite pattern. Conclusions: Patellofemoral morphometry showed age and gender variation. Notably, the sulcus angle and femoral depth were significantly different between males and females and changed according to the development. These findings may reflect the sex difference and peak incidence of the patellar instability risk. Understanding the morphological changes and differences of the patellofemoral joint may facilitate the diagnosis of patellofemoral pathologies.
format	article
author	Wonchul Choi Sang-June Lee Jongbeom Oh Hongseok Baek Jinhyuk Yang Jaeyeon Shin Bosung Jung Soonchul Lee
author_facet	Wonchul Choi Sang-June Lee Jongbeom Oh Hongseok Baek Jinhyuk Yang Jaeyeon Shin Bosung Jung Soonchul Lee
author_sort	Wonchul Choi
title	Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_short	Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_full	Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_fullStr	Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_full_unstemmed	Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents
title_sort	magnetic resonance imaging of patellofemoral morphometry reveals age and gender variations in the knees of children and adolescents
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e0bba170f95841cfb4b8bd490fc523d8
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patellofemoral Morphometry Reveals Age and Gender Variations in the Knees of Children and Adolescents

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