Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps

Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps

<p>Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mo...

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Autores principales: E. Krsnik, K. Methner, M. Campani, S. Botsyun, S. G. Mutz, T. A. Ehlers, O. Kempf, J. Fiebig, F. Schlunegger, A. Mulch
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Copernicus Publications 2021
Materias:
Geology
QE1-996.5
Stratigraphy
QE640-699
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/e0f5cc0bb9c8416f8c533fd0868aad4c
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id oai:doaj.org-article:e0f5cc0bb9c8416f8c533fd0868aad4c
record_format dspace
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Geology
QE1-996.5
Stratigraphy
QE640-699
spellingShingle Geology
QE1-996.5
Stratigraphy
QE640-699
E. Krsnik
E. Krsnik
K. Methner
K. Methner
M. Campani
S. Botsyun
S. G. Mutz
T. A. Ehlers
O. Kempf
J. Fiebig
F. Schlunegger
A. Mulch
A. Mulch
Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
description <p>Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (<span class="inline-formula">∼14.5</span> Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span> paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span>) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>D) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span>, <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>13</sup>C</span>) and clumped (<span class="inline-formula">Δ<sub>47</sub></span>) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span> values and <span class="inline-formula">Δ<sub>47</sub></span> temperatures (<span class="inline-formula">30±5</span> <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup>C</span>) yield a near-sea-level precipitation <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span><span class="inline-formula"><sub>w</sub></span> value of <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M20" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">5.8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1.2</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="13b406664936feaf5e75451d90f4184e"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="se-12-2615-2021-ie00001.svg" width="52pt" height="10pt" src="se-12-2615-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ‰ and, in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>D value of <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M22" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">14.6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0.3</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="58pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="70cef396af22bebea66738e43f6b1b90"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="se-12-2615-2021-ie00002.svg" width="58pt" height="10pt" src="se-12-2615-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of <span class="inline-formula">&gt;4000</span> m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span><span class="inline-formula"><sub>w</sub></span> estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span> values, which vary between <span class="inline-formula">−4.2</span> ‰ and <span class="inline-formula">−7.6</span> ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.</p>
format article
author E. Krsnik
E. Krsnik
K. Methner
K. Methner
M. Campani
S. Botsyun
S. G. Mutz
T. A. Ehlers
O. Kempf
J. Fiebig
F. Schlunegger
A. Mulch
A. Mulch
author_facet E. Krsnik
E. Krsnik
K. Methner
K. Methner
M. Campani
S. Botsyun
S. G. Mutz
T. A. Ehlers
O. Kempf
J. Fiebig
F. Schlunegger
A. Mulch
A. Mulch
author_sort E. Krsnik
title Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
title_short Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
title_full Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
title_fullStr Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
title_full_unstemmed Miocene high elevation in the Central Alps
title_sort miocene high elevation in the central alps
publisher Copernicus Publications
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/e0f5cc0bb9c8416f8c533fd0868aad4c
work_keys_str_mv AT ekrsnik miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT ekrsnik miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
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AT kmethner miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT mcampani miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT sbotsyun miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT sgmutz miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT taehlers miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT okempf miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT jfiebig miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT fschlunegger miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT amulch miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
AT amulch miocenehighelevationinthecentralalps
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:e0f5cc0bb9c8416f8c533fd0868aad4c2021-11-23T06:19:10ZMiocene high elevation in the Central Alps10.5194/se-12-2615-20211869-95101869-9529https://doaj.org/article/e0f5cc0bb9c8416f8c533fd0868aad4c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://se.copernicus.org/articles/12/2615/2021/se-12-2615-2021.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1869-9510https://doaj.org/toc/1869-9529<p>Reconstructing Oligocene–Miocene paleoelevation contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of the European Alps and sheds light on geodynamic and Earth surface processes involved in the development of Alpine topography. Despite being one of the most intensively explored mountain ranges worldwide, constraints on the elevation history of the European Alps remain scarce. Here we present stable and clumped isotope measurements to provide a new paleoelevation estimate for the mid-Miocene (<span class="inline-formula">∼14.5</span> Ma) European Central Alps. We apply stable isotope <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>–<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span> paleoaltimetry to near-sea-level pedogenic carbonate oxygen isotope (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span>) records from the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (Swiss Molasse Basin) and high-Alpine phyllosilicate hydrogen isotope (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>D) records from the Simplon Fault Zone (Swiss Alps). We further explore Miocene paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Swiss Molasse Basin through carbonate stable (<span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span>, <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>13</sup>C</span>) and clumped (<span class="inline-formula">Δ<sub>47</sub></span>) isotope data from three foreland basin sections in different alluvial megafan settings (proximal, mid-fan, and distal). Combined pedogenic carbonate <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span> values and <span class="inline-formula">Δ<sub>47</sub></span> temperatures (<span class="inline-formula">30±5</span> <span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup>C</span>) yield a near-sea-level precipitation <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span><span class="inline-formula"><sub>w</sub></span> value of <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M20" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">5.8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1.2</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="13b406664936feaf5e75451d90f4184e"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="se-12-2615-2021-ie00001.svg" width="52pt" height="10pt" src="se-12-2615-2021-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ‰ and, in conjunction with the high-Alpine phyllosilicate <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span>D value of <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M22" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">14.6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0.3</mn></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="58pt" height="10pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="70cef396af22bebea66738e43f6b1b90"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="se-12-2615-2021-ie00002.svg" width="58pt" height="10pt" src="se-12-2615-2021-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ‰, suggest that the region surrounding the Simplon Fault Zone attained surface elevations of <span class="inline-formula">&gt;4000</span> m no later than the mid-Miocene. Our near-sea-level <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span><span class="inline-formula"><sub>w</sub></span> estimate is supported by paleoclimate (iGCM ECHAM5-wiso) modeled <span class="inline-formula"><i>δ</i></span><span class="inline-formula"><sup>18</sup>O</span> values, which vary between <span class="inline-formula">−4.2</span> ‰ and <span class="inline-formula">−7.6</span> ‰ for the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin.</p>E. KrsnikE. KrsnikK. MethnerK. MethnerM. CampaniS. BotsyunS. G. MutzT. A. EhlersO. KempfJ. FiebigF. SchluneggerA. MulchA. MulchCopernicus PublicationsarticleGeologyQE1-996.5StratigraphyQE640-699ENSolid Earth, Vol 12, Pp 2615-2631 (2021)

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