Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts

Entomological approaches currently available for assessing host parasitization require dissection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or waiting for adult emergence. The first two methods are relatively fast but destructive, whereas the third one allows the emergence of the parasitoid but it is time c...

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Autores principales:	Renato Ricciardi, Rossana Izzetti, Marco Romanelli, Davide Caramella, Andrea Lucchi, Giovanni Benelli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Braconidae <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> insect imaging parasitoid mass rearing <i>Psyttalia concolor</i> Tephritidae Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e1173ff6905a44fba928b2641782a49f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e1173ff6905a44fba928b2641782a49f2021-11-25T17:59:15ZEchoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts10.3390/insects121109802075-4450https://doaj.org/article/e1173ff6905a44fba928b2641782a49f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/11/980https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4450Entomological approaches currently available for assessing host parasitization require dissection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or waiting for adult emergence. The first two methods are relatively fast but destructive, whereas the third one allows the emergence of the parasitoid but it is time consuming. In this framework, new diagnostic imaging tools may contribute to solve the lack of an accurate, rapid, and non-invasive approach to evaluate the parasitization of soft-bodied insects by their endoparasitoids. In this study, ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) technology, which is currently used in medical and preclinical fields, was adopted to assess the parasitization of the invasive polyphagous Mediterranean fruit fly, <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae), testing 2nd and 3rd instar larvae. Parasitization assays were carried out with the solitary koinobiont endophagous parasitoid <i>Psyttalia concolor</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). The efficacy of UHFUS-based echoentomography was compared with the classical method of dissecting the larval host under a stereomicroscope. Our results showed that the UHFUS diagnostic capability was statistically comparable with that of dissection, both on <i>C. capitata</i> 2nd and 3rd larvae. Overall, UHFUS-based echoentomography may be further considered as a fast, non-invasive, and effective approach to evaluate the parasitoid’s ability to successfully oviposit in soft-bodied hosts.Renato RicciardiRossana IzzettiMarco RomanelliDavide CaramellaAndrea LucchiGiovanni BenelliMDPI AGarticleBraconidae<i>Ceratitis capitata</i>insect imagingparasitoid mass rearing<i>Psyttalia concolor</i>TephritidaeScienceQENInsects, Vol 12, Iss 980, p 980 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Braconidae <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> insect imaging parasitoid mass rearing <i>Psyttalia concolor</i> Tephritidae Science Q
spellingShingle	Braconidae <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> insect imaging parasitoid mass rearing <i>Psyttalia concolor</i> Tephritidae Science Q Renato Ricciardi Rossana Izzetti Marco Romanelli Davide Caramella Andrea Lucchi Giovanni Benelli Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
description	Entomological approaches currently available for assessing host parasitization require dissection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or waiting for adult emergence. The first two methods are relatively fast but destructive, whereas the third one allows the emergence of the parasitoid but it is time consuming. In this framework, new diagnostic imaging tools may contribute to solve the lack of an accurate, rapid, and non-invasive approach to evaluate the parasitization of soft-bodied insects by their endoparasitoids. In this study, ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) technology, which is currently used in medical and preclinical fields, was adopted to assess the parasitization of the invasive polyphagous Mediterranean fruit fly, <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae), testing 2nd and 3rd instar larvae. Parasitization assays were carried out with the solitary koinobiont endophagous parasitoid <i>Psyttalia concolor</i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae). The efficacy of UHFUS-based echoentomography was compared with the classical method of dissecting the larval host under a stereomicroscope. Our results showed that the UHFUS diagnostic capability was statistically comparable with that of dissection, both on <i>C. capitata</i> 2nd and 3rd larvae. Overall, UHFUS-based echoentomography may be further considered as a fast, non-invasive, and effective approach to evaluate the parasitoid’s ability to successfully oviposit in soft-bodied hosts.
format	article
author	Renato Ricciardi Rossana Izzetti Marco Romanelli Davide Caramella Andrea Lucchi Giovanni Benelli
author_facet	Renato Ricciardi Rossana Izzetti Marco Romanelli Davide Caramella Andrea Lucchi Giovanni Benelli
author_sort	Renato Ricciardi
title	Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
title_short	Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
title_full	Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
title_fullStr	Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
title_full_unstemmed	Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts
title_sort	echoentomography for assessing braconid parasitization on soft-bodied tephritid hosts
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e1173ff6905a44fba928b2641782a49f
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Echoentomography for Assessing Braconid Parasitization on Soft-Bodied Tephritid Hosts

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