Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes

The human foot is considered to be morphologically adapted for habitual bipedal locomotion. However, how the mobility and mechanical interaction of the human foot with the ground under a weight-bearing condition differ from those of African great apes is not well understood. We compared three-dimens...

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Autores principales:	Takuo Negishi, Kohta Ito, Koh Hosoda, Takeo Nagura, Tomohiko Ota, Nobuaki Imanishi, Masahiro Jinzaki, Motoharu Oishi, Naomichi Ogihara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Royal Society 2021
Materias:	cadaver tibio-calcaneal coupling bipedal locomotion foot kinematics Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e12d9bfc0f144c32a3c967445b5175f1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e12d9bfc0f144c32a3c967445b5175f12021-11-17T08:05:51ZComparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes10.1098/rsos.2113442054-5703https://doaj.org/article/e12d9bfc0f144c32a3c967445b5175f12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.211344https://doaj.org/toc/2054-5703The human foot is considered to be morphologically adapted for habitual bipedal locomotion. However, how the mobility and mechanical interaction of the human foot with the ground under a weight-bearing condition differ from those of African great apes is not well understood. We compared three-dimensional (3D) bone kinematics of cadaver feet under axial loading of humans and African great apes using a biplanar X-ray fluoroscopy system. The calcaneus was everted and the talus and tibia were internally rotated in the human foot, but such coupling motion was much smaller in the feet of African great apes, possibly due to the difference in morphology of the foot bones and articular surfaces. This study also found that the changes in the length of the longitudinal arch were larger in the human foot than in the feet of chimpanzees and gorillas, indicating that the human foot is more deformable, possibly to allow storage and release of the elastic energy during locomotion. The coupling motion of the calcaneus and the tibia, and the larger capacity to be flattened due to axial loading observed in the human foot are possibly morphological adaptations for habitual bipedal locomotion that has evolved in the human lineage.Takuo NegishiKohta ItoKoh HosodaTakeo NaguraTomohiko OtaNobuaki ImanishiMasahiro JinzakiMotoharu OishiNaomichi OgiharaThe Royal Societyarticlecadavertibio-calcaneal couplingbipedal locomotionfoot kinematicsScienceQENRoyal Society Open Science, Vol 8, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cadaver tibio-calcaneal coupling bipedal locomotion foot kinematics Science Q
spellingShingle	cadaver tibio-calcaneal coupling bipedal locomotion foot kinematics Science Q Takuo Negishi Kohta Ito Koh Hosoda Takeo Nagura Tomohiko Ota Nobuaki Imanishi Masahiro Jinzaki Motoharu Oishi Naomichi Ogihara Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
description	The human foot is considered to be morphologically adapted for habitual bipedal locomotion. However, how the mobility and mechanical interaction of the human foot with the ground under a weight-bearing condition differ from those of African great apes is not well understood. We compared three-dimensional (3D) bone kinematics of cadaver feet under axial loading of humans and African great apes using a biplanar X-ray fluoroscopy system. The calcaneus was everted and the talus and tibia were internally rotated in the human foot, but such coupling motion was much smaller in the feet of African great apes, possibly due to the difference in morphology of the foot bones and articular surfaces. This study also found that the changes in the length of the longitudinal arch were larger in the human foot than in the feet of chimpanzees and gorillas, indicating that the human foot is more deformable, possibly to allow storage and release of the elastic energy during locomotion. The coupling motion of the calcaneus and the tibia, and the larger capacity to be flattened due to axial loading observed in the human foot are possibly morphological adaptations for habitual bipedal locomotion that has evolved in the human lineage.
format	article
author	Takuo Negishi Kohta Ito Koh Hosoda Takeo Nagura Tomohiko Ota Nobuaki Imanishi Masahiro Jinzaki Motoharu Oishi Naomichi Ogihara
author_facet	Takuo Negishi Kohta Ito Koh Hosoda Takeo Nagura Tomohiko Ota Nobuaki Imanishi Masahiro Jinzaki Motoharu Oishi Naomichi Ogihara
author_sort	Takuo Negishi
title	Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
title_short	Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
title_full	Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
title_fullStr	Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes
title_sort	comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and african great apes
publisher	The Royal Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e12d9bfc0f144c32a3c967445b5175f1
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Comparative radiographic analysis of three-dimensional innate mobility of the foot bones under axial loading of humans and African great apes

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