Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress

Abstract Microplastics released from textiles during the washing process represent the most prevalent type of microparticles found in different environmental compartments and ecosystems around the world. Release of microfibres during the washing process of synthetic textiles is due to the mechanical...

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Autores principales:	Michela Volgare, Francesca De Falco, Roberto Avolio, Rachele Castaldo, Maria Emanuela Errico, Gennaro Gentile, Veronica Ambrogi, Mariacristina Cocca
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e154d30ec0864b97b0c72315bccb83ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e154d30ec0864b97b0c72315bccb83ef2021-12-02T17:18:22ZWashing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress10.1038/s41598-021-98836-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e154d30ec0864b97b0c72315bccb83ef2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98836-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Microplastics released from textiles during the washing process represent the most prevalent type of microparticles found in different environmental compartments and ecosystems around the world. Release of microfibres during the washing process of synthetic textiles is due to the mechanical and chemical stresses that clothes undergo in washing machines. Several washing process parameters, conditions, formulations of laundering additives have been correlated to microfibre release and some of them have been identified to affect microfibre release during washing process, while no correlation has been evaluated between microfibre release and washing load. In the present study, microfibre release was evaluated as function of the washing load in a real washing process, indicating a progressive decrease of microfibre release with increasing washing load. The quantity of released microfibres increased by around 5 times by decreasing the washing load due to a synergistic effect between water-volume to fabric ratio and mechanical stress during washing. Moreover, the higher mechanical stress to which the fabric is subjected in the case of a low washing load, hinders the discrimination of the effect on the release of other washing parameters like the type of detergent and laundry additives used.Michela VolgareFrancesca De FalcoRoberto AvolioRachele CastaldoMaria Emanuela ErricoGennaro GentileVeronica AmbrogiMariacristina CoccaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michela Volgare Francesca De Falco Roberto Avolio Rachele Castaldo Maria Emanuela Errico Gennaro Gentile Veronica Ambrogi Mariacristina Cocca Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
description	Abstract Microplastics released from textiles during the washing process represent the most prevalent type of microparticles found in different environmental compartments and ecosystems around the world. Release of microfibres during the washing process of synthetic textiles is due to the mechanical and chemical stresses that clothes undergo in washing machines. Several washing process parameters, conditions, formulations of laundering additives have been correlated to microfibre release and some of them have been identified to affect microfibre release during washing process, while no correlation has been evaluated between microfibre release and washing load. In the present study, microfibre release was evaluated as function of the washing load in a real washing process, indicating a progressive decrease of microfibre release with increasing washing load. The quantity of released microfibres increased by around 5 times by decreasing the washing load due to a synergistic effect between water-volume to fabric ratio and mechanical stress during washing. Moreover, the higher mechanical stress to which the fabric is subjected in the case of a low washing load, hinders the discrimination of the effect on the release of other washing parameters like the type of detergent and laundry additives used.
format	article
author	Michela Volgare Francesca De Falco Roberto Avolio Rachele Castaldo Maria Emanuela Errico Gennaro Gentile Veronica Ambrogi Mariacristina Cocca
author_facet	Michela Volgare Francesca De Falco Roberto Avolio Rachele Castaldo Maria Emanuela Errico Gennaro Gentile Veronica Ambrogi Mariacristina Cocca
author_sort	Michela Volgare
title	Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
title_short	Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
title_full	Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
title_fullStr	Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
title_full_unstemmed	Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
title_sort	washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e154d30ec0864b97b0c72315bccb83ef
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Washing load influences the microplastic release from polyester fabrics by affecting wettability and mechanical stress

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