Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold

Abstract Intense short laser pulses are an intriguing tool for tailoring surface properties via ultra-fast melting of the surface layer of an irradiated target. Despite extensive studies on the interaction of femto-second laser interaction with matter, the initial steps of the morphological changes...

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Autores principales:	Ch. Zaum, N. Osterloh, R. Darkins, D. M. Duffy, K. Morgenstern
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e164042dc86f4d83b45d886822df762f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e164042dc86f4d83b45d886822df762f2021-12-02T16:07:04ZReal-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold10.1038/s41598-021-91894-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e164042dc86f4d83b45d886822df762f2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91894-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Intense short laser pulses are an intriguing tool for tailoring surface properties via ultra-fast melting of the surface layer of an irradiated target. Despite extensive studies on the interaction of femto-second laser interaction with matter, the initial steps of the morphological changes are not yet fully understood. Here, we reveal that substantial surface structure changes occur at energy densities far below the melting threshold. By using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy we resolve atomic-scale changes, i.e. the creation of nanosized adatom and vacancy clusters. The two cluster types have distinct non-linear fluence-dependencies. A theoretical analysis reveals their creation and motion to be non-thermal in nature. The formation of these atomistic changes, individually resolved here for the first time, recast our understanding of how surfaces respond to low-intensity ultra-short laser illumination. A visualization and control of the initial morphological changes upon laser illumination are not only of fundamental interest, but pave the way for the designing material properties through surface structuring.Ch. ZaumN. OsterlohR. DarkinsD. M. DuffyK. MorgensternNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ch. Zaum N. Osterloh R. Darkins D. M. Duffy K. Morgenstern Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
description	Abstract Intense short laser pulses are an intriguing tool for tailoring surface properties via ultra-fast melting of the surface layer of an irradiated target. Despite extensive studies on the interaction of femto-second laser interaction with matter, the initial steps of the morphological changes are not yet fully understood. Here, we reveal that substantial surface structure changes occur at energy densities far below the melting threshold. By using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy we resolve atomic-scale changes, i.e. the creation of nanosized adatom and vacancy clusters. The two cluster types have distinct non-linear fluence-dependencies. A theoretical analysis reveals their creation and motion to be non-thermal in nature. The formation of these atomistic changes, individually resolved here for the first time, recast our understanding of how surfaces respond to low-intensity ultra-short laser illumination. A visualization and control of the initial morphological changes upon laser illumination are not only of fundamental interest, but pave the way for the designing material properties through surface structuring.
format	article
author	Ch. Zaum N. Osterloh R. Darkins D. M. Duffy K. Morgenstern
author_facet	Ch. Zaum N. Osterloh R. Darkins D. M. Duffy K. Morgenstern
author_sort	Ch. Zaum
title	Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
title_short	Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
title_full	Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
title_fullStr	Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
title_full_unstemmed	Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
title_sort	real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e164042dc86f4d83b45d886822df762f
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Real-space observation of surface structuring induced by ultra-fast-laser illumination far below the melting threshold

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