Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities

ABSTRACT Diatoms are a major component of phytoplankton, believed to be responsible for around 20% of the annual primary production on Earth. As abundant and ubiquitous organisms, they are known to establish biotic interactions with many other members of plankton. Through analyses of cooccurrence ne...

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Autores principales:	Flora Vincent, Chris Bowler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	cooccurrence networks environmental microbiology marine microbiology phytoplankton protists Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e169cfcf20d340b19c0fe78b1b4fcbc6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e169cfcf20d340b19c0fe78b1b4fcbc62021-12-02T19:47:34ZDiatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities10.1128/mSystems.00444-192379-5077https://doaj.org/article/e169cfcf20d340b19c0fe78b1b4fcbc62020-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00444-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Diatoms are a major component of phytoplankton, believed to be responsible for around 20% of the annual primary production on Earth. As abundant and ubiquitous organisms, they are known to establish biotic interactions with many other members of plankton. Through analyses of cooccurrence networks derived from the Tara Oceans expedition that take into account both biotic and abiotic factors in shaping the spatial distributions of species, we show that only 13% of diatom pairwise associations are driven by environmental conditions; the vast majority are independent of abiotic factors. In contrast to most other plankton groups, on a global scale, diatoms display a much higher proportion of negative correlations with other organisms, particularly toward potential predators and parasites, suggesting that their biogeography is constrained by top-down pressure. Genus-level analyses indicate that abundant diatoms are not necessarily the most connected and that species-specific abundance distribution patterns lead to negative associations with other organisms. In order to move forward in the biological interpretation of cooccurrence networks, an open-access extensive literature survey of diatom biotic interactions was compiled, of which 18.5% were recovered in the computed network. This result reveals the extent of what likely remains to be discovered in the field of planktonic biotic interactions, even for one of the best-known organismal groups. IMPORTANCE Diatoms are key phytoplankton in the modern ocean that are involved in numerous biotic interactions, ranging from symbiosis to predation and viral infection, which have considerable effects on global biogeochemical cycles. However, despite recent large-scale studies of plankton, we are still lacking a comprehensive picture of the diversity of diatom biotic interactions in the marine microbial community. Through the ecological interpretation of both inferred microbial association networks and available knowledge on diatom interactions compiled in an open-access database, we propose an ecosystems approach for exploring diatom interactions in the ocean.Flora VincentChris BowlerAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlecooccurrence networksenvironmental microbiologymarine microbiologyphytoplanktonprotistsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cooccurrence networks environmental microbiology marine microbiology phytoplankton protists Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	cooccurrence networks environmental microbiology marine microbiology phytoplankton protists Microbiology QR1-502 Flora Vincent Chris Bowler Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
description	ABSTRACT Diatoms are a major component of phytoplankton, believed to be responsible for around 20% of the annual primary production on Earth. As abundant and ubiquitous organisms, they are known to establish biotic interactions with many other members of plankton. Through analyses of cooccurrence networks derived from the Tara Oceans expedition that take into account both biotic and abiotic factors in shaping the spatial distributions of species, we show that only 13% of diatom pairwise associations are driven by environmental conditions; the vast majority are independent of abiotic factors. In contrast to most other plankton groups, on a global scale, diatoms display a much higher proportion of negative correlations with other organisms, particularly toward potential predators and parasites, suggesting that their biogeography is constrained by top-down pressure. Genus-level analyses indicate that abundant diatoms are not necessarily the most connected and that species-specific abundance distribution patterns lead to negative associations with other organisms. In order to move forward in the biological interpretation of cooccurrence networks, an open-access extensive literature survey of diatom biotic interactions was compiled, of which 18.5% were recovered in the computed network. This result reveals the extent of what likely remains to be discovered in the field of planktonic biotic interactions, even for one of the best-known organismal groups. IMPORTANCE Diatoms are key phytoplankton in the modern ocean that are involved in numerous biotic interactions, ranging from symbiosis to predation and viral infection, which have considerable effects on global biogeochemical cycles. However, despite recent large-scale studies of plankton, we are still lacking a comprehensive picture of the diversity of diatom biotic interactions in the marine microbial community. Through the ecological interpretation of both inferred microbial association networks and available knowledge on diatom interactions compiled in an open-access database, we propose an ecosystems approach for exploring diatom interactions in the ocean.
format	article
author	Flora Vincent Chris Bowler
author_facet	Flora Vincent Chris Bowler
author_sort	Flora Vincent
title	Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
title_short	Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
title_full	Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
title_fullStr	Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
title_full_unstemmed	Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities
title_sort	diatoms are selective segregators in global ocean planktonic communities
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/e169cfcf20d340b19c0fe78b1b4fcbc6
work_keys_str_mv	AT floravincent diatomsareselectivesegregatorsinglobaloceanplanktoniccommunities AT chrisbowler diatomsareselectivesegregatorsinglobaloceanplanktoniccommunities
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Diatoms Are Selective Segregators in Global Ocean Planktonic Communities

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