An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania

Abstract Anopheles funestus is playing an increasing role in malaria transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where An. gambiae s.s. has been effectively controlled by long-lasting insecticidal nets. We investigated vector population bionomics, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission dyn...

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Autores principales:	Nancy S. Matowo, Jackline Martin, Manisha A. Kulkarni, Jacklin F. Mosha, Eliud Lukole, Gladness Isaya, Boniface Shirima, Robert Kaaya, Catherine Moyes, Penelope A. Hancock, Mark Rowland, Alphaxard Manjurano, Franklin W. Mosha, Natacha Protopopoff, Louisa A. Messenger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e174b4ac8e194dc7828bd3a981a18121
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e174b4ac8e194dc7828bd3a981a181212021-12-02T18:18:33ZAn increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania10.1038/s41598-021-92741-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e174b4ac8e194dc7828bd3a981a181212021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92741-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Anopheles funestus is playing an increasing role in malaria transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where An. gambiae s.s. has been effectively controlled by long-lasting insecticidal nets. We investigated vector population bionomics, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission dynamics in 86 study clusters in North-West Tanzania. An. funestus s.l. represented 94.5% (4740/5016) of all vectors and was responsible for the majority of malaria transmission (96.5%), with a sporozoite rate of 3.4% and average monthly entomological inoculation rate (EIR) of 4.57 per house. Micro-geographical heterogeneity in species composition, abundance and transmission was observed across the study district in relation to key ecological differences between northern and southern clusters, with significantly higher densities, proportions and EIR of An. funestus s.l. collected from the South. An. gambiae s.l. (5.5%) density, principally An. arabiensis (81.1%) and An. gambiae s.s. (18.9%), was much lower and closely correlated with seasonal rainfall. Both An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. were similarly resistant to alpha-cypermethrin and permethrin. Overexpression of CYP9K1, CYP6P3, CYP6P4 and CYP6M2 and high L1014S-kdr mutation frequency were detected in An. gambiae s.s. populations. Study findings highlight the urgent need for novel vector control tools to tackle persistent malaria transmission in the Lake Region of Tanzania.Nancy S. MatowoJackline MartinManisha A. KulkarniJacklin F. MoshaEliud LukoleGladness IsayaBoniface ShirimaRobert KaayaCatherine MoyesPenelope A. HancockMark RowlandAlphaxard ManjuranoFranklin W. MoshaNatacha ProtopopoffLouisa A. MessengerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nancy S. Matowo Jackline Martin Manisha A. Kulkarni Jacklin F. Mosha Eliud Lukole Gladness Isaya Boniface Shirima Robert Kaaya Catherine Moyes Penelope A. Hancock Mark Rowland Alphaxard Manjurano Franklin W. Mosha Natacha Protopopoff Louisa A. Messenger An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
description	Abstract Anopheles funestus is playing an increasing role in malaria transmission in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where An. gambiae s.s. has been effectively controlled by long-lasting insecticidal nets. We investigated vector population bionomics, insecticide resistance and malaria transmission dynamics in 86 study clusters in North-West Tanzania. An. funestus s.l. represented 94.5% (4740/5016) of all vectors and was responsible for the majority of malaria transmission (96.5%), with a sporozoite rate of 3.4% and average monthly entomological inoculation rate (EIR) of 4.57 per house. Micro-geographical heterogeneity in species composition, abundance and transmission was observed across the study district in relation to key ecological differences between northern and southern clusters, with significantly higher densities, proportions and EIR of An. funestus s.l. collected from the South. An. gambiae s.l. (5.5%) density, principally An. arabiensis (81.1%) and An. gambiae s.s. (18.9%), was much lower and closely correlated with seasonal rainfall. Both An. funestus s.l. and An. gambiae s.l. were similarly resistant to alpha-cypermethrin and permethrin. Overexpression of CYP9K1, CYP6P3, CYP6P4 and CYP6M2 and high L1014S-kdr mutation frequency were detected in An. gambiae s.s. populations. Study findings highlight the urgent need for novel vector control tools to tackle persistent malaria transmission in the Lake Region of Tanzania.
format	article
author	Nancy S. Matowo Jackline Martin Manisha A. Kulkarni Jacklin F. Mosha Eliud Lukole Gladness Isaya Boniface Shirima Robert Kaaya Catherine Moyes Penelope A. Hancock Mark Rowland Alphaxard Manjurano Franklin W. Mosha Natacha Protopopoff Louisa A. Messenger
author_facet	Nancy S. Matowo Jackline Martin Manisha A. Kulkarni Jacklin F. Mosha Eliud Lukole Gladness Isaya Boniface Shirima Robert Kaaya Catherine Moyes Penelope A. Hancock Mark Rowland Alphaxard Manjurano Franklin W. Mosha Natacha Protopopoff Louisa A. Messenger
author_sort	Nancy S. Matowo
title	An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
title_short	An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
title_full	An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
title_fullStr	An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed	An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania
title_sort	increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the lake zone, tanzania
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e174b4ac8e194dc7828bd3a981a18121
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An increasing role of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles funestus in malaria transmission in the Lake Zone, Tanzania

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