The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157

The toxin-antitoxin (TA) genetic modules control various bacterial events, such as plasmid maintenance, persister cell formation, and phage defense. They also exist in mobile genetic elements, including prophages; however, their physiological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that...

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Autores principales:	Kosuke Takada, Kotone Hama, Takaomi Sasaki, Yuichi Otsuka
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bacteriophage <i>Escherichia coli</i> toxin–antitoxin system prophage induction Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e17afaa5891843469b9e06e86380412c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e17afaa5891843469b9e06e86380412c2021-11-25T19:08:54ZThe <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O15710.3390/toxins131107962072-6651https://doaj.org/article/e17afaa5891843469b9e06e86380412c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/796https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651The toxin-antitoxin (TA) genetic modules control various bacterial events, such as plasmid maintenance, persister cell formation, and phage defense. They also exist in mobile genetic elements, including prophages; however, their physiological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that <i>hokW-sokW</i>, a putative TA locus encoded in Sakai prophage 5 (Sp5) in enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157: H7 Sakai strain, functions as a type I TA system. Bacterial growth assays showed that the antitoxic activity of <i>sokW</i> RNA against HokW toxin partially requires an endoribonuclease, RNase III, and an RNA chaperone, Hfq. We also demonstrated that <i>hokW-sokW</i> assists Sp5-mediated lysis of <i>E. coli</i> cells when prophage induction is promoted by the DNA-damaging agent mitomycin C (MMC). We found that MMC treatment diminished <i>sokW</i> RNA and increased both the expression level and inner membrane localization of HokW in a RecA-dependent manner. Remarkably, the number of released Sp5 phages decreased by half in the absence of <i>hokW-sokW</i>. These results suggest that <i>hokW-sokW</i> plays a novel role as a TA system that facilitates the release of Sp5 phage progeny through <i>E. coli</i> lysis.Kosuke TakadaKotone HamaTakaomi SasakiYuichi OtsukaMDPI AGarticlebacteriophage<i>Escherichia coli</i>toxin–antitoxin systemprophage inductionMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 796, p 796 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacteriophage <i>Escherichia coli</i> toxin–antitoxin system prophage induction Medicine R
spellingShingle	bacteriophage <i>Escherichia coli</i> toxin–antitoxin system prophage induction Medicine R Kosuke Takada Kotone Hama Takaomi Sasaki Yuichi Otsuka The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
description	The toxin-antitoxin (TA) genetic modules control various bacterial events, such as plasmid maintenance, persister cell formation, and phage defense. They also exist in mobile genetic elements, including prophages; however, their physiological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that <i>hokW-sokW</i>, a putative TA locus encoded in Sakai prophage 5 (Sp5) in enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157: H7 Sakai strain, functions as a type I TA system. Bacterial growth assays showed that the antitoxic activity of <i>sokW</i> RNA against HokW toxin partially requires an endoribonuclease, RNase III, and an RNA chaperone, Hfq. We also demonstrated that <i>hokW-sokW</i> assists Sp5-mediated lysis of <i>E. coli</i> cells when prophage induction is promoted by the DNA-damaging agent mitomycin C (MMC). We found that MMC treatment diminished <i>sokW</i> RNA and increased both the expression level and inner membrane localization of HokW in a RecA-dependent manner. Remarkably, the number of released Sp5 phages decreased by half in the absence of <i>hokW-sokW</i>. These results suggest that <i>hokW-sokW</i> plays a novel role as a TA system that facilitates the release of Sp5 phage progeny through <i>E. coli</i> lysis.
format	article
author	Kosuke Takada Kotone Hama Takaomi Sasaki Yuichi Otsuka
author_facet	Kosuke Takada Kotone Hama Takaomi Sasaki Yuichi Otsuka
author_sort	Kosuke Takada
title	The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
title_short	The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
title_full	The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
title_fullStr	The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
title_full_unstemmed	The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157
title_sort	<i>hokw-sokw</i> locus encodes a type i toxin–antitoxin system that facilitates the release of lysogenic sp5 phage in enterohemorrhagic <i>escherichia coli</i> o157
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e17afaa5891843469b9e06e86380412c
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The <i>hokW-sokW</i> Locus Encodes a Type I Toxin–Antitoxin System That Facilitates the Release of Lysogenic Sp5 Phage in Enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157

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