DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children

Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, highly expressed in nasal epithelium with parallel high infectivity.1,2 The nasal ep...

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Autores principales:	Andres Cardenas, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Joanne E. Sordillo, Dawn L. DeMeo, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Marie-France Hivert, Diane R. Gold, Emily Oken
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e18de9b34e1246cb846a1aea825a83f5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e18de9b34e1246cb846a1aea825a83f52021-12-02T14:23:04ZDNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children10.1038/s41598-021-86494-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e18de9b34e1246cb846a1aea825a83f52021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86494-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, highly expressed in nasal epithelium with parallel high infectivity.1,2 The nasal epigenome is in direct contact with the environment and could explain COVID-19 disparities by reflecting social and environmental influences on ACE2 regulation. We collected nasal swabs from anterior nares of 547 children, measured DNA methylation (DNAm), and tested differences at 15 ACE2 CpGs by sex, age, race/ethnicity and epigenetic age. ACE2 CpGs were differentially methylated by sex with 12 sites having lower DNAm (mean = 12.71%) and 3 sites greater DNAm (mean = 1.45%) among females relative to males. We observed differential DNAm at 5 CpGs for Hispanic females (mean absolute difference = 3.22%) and lower DNAm at 8 CpGs for Black males (mean absolute difference = 1.33%), relative to white participants. Longer DNAm telomere length was associated with greater ACE2 DNAm at 11 and 13 CpGs among males (mean absolute difference = 7.86%) and females (mean absolute difference = 8.21%), respectively. Nasal ACE2 DNAm differences could contribute to our understanding COVID-19 severity and disparities reflecting upstream environmental and social influences. Findings need to be confirmed among adults and patients with risk factors for COVID-19 severity.Andres CardenasSheryl L. Rifas-ShimanJoanne E. SordilloDawn L. DeMeoAndrea A. BaccarelliMarie-France HivertDiane R. GoldEmily OkenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Andres Cardenas Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Joanne E. Sordillo Dawn L. DeMeo Andrea A. Baccarelli Marie-France Hivert Diane R. Gold Emily Oken DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
description	Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells via angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, highly expressed in nasal epithelium with parallel high infectivity.1,2 The nasal epigenome is in direct contact with the environment and could explain COVID-19 disparities by reflecting social and environmental influences on ACE2 regulation. We collected nasal swabs from anterior nares of 547 children, measured DNA methylation (DNAm), and tested differences at 15 ACE2 CpGs by sex, age, race/ethnicity and epigenetic age. ACE2 CpGs were differentially methylated by sex with 12 sites having lower DNAm (mean = 12.71%) and 3 sites greater DNAm (mean = 1.45%) among females relative to males. We observed differential DNAm at 5 CpGs for Hispanic females (mean absolute difference = 3.22%) and lower DNAm at 8 CpGs for Black males (mean absolute difference = 1.33%), relative to white participants. Longer DNAm telomere length was associated with greater ACE2 DNAm at 11 and 13 CpGs among males (mean absolute difference = 7.86%) and females (mean absolute difference = 8.21%), respectively. Nasal ACE2 DNAm differences could contribute to our understanding COVID-19 severity and disparities reflecting upstream environmental and social influences. Findings need to be confirmed among adults and patients with risk factors for COVID-19 severity.
format	article
author	Andres Cardenas Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Joanne E. Sordillo Dawn L. DeMeo Andrea A. Baccarelli Marie-France Hivert Diane R. Gold Emily Oken
author_facet	Andres Cardenas Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Joanne E. Sordillo Dawn L. DeMeo Andrea A. Baccarelli Marie-France Hivert Diane R. Gold Emily Oken
author_sort	Andres Cardenas
title	DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
title_short	DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
title_full	DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
title_fullStr	DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
title_full_unstemmed	DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children
title_sort	dna methylation architecture of the ace2 gene in nasal cells of children
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e18de9b34e1246cb846a1aea825a83f5
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DNA methylation architecture of the ACE2 gene in nasal cells of children

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