A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)

Parasitoid wasps represent the plurality of venomous animals, but have received extremely little research in proportion to this taxonomic diversity. The lion’s share of investigation into insect venoms has focused on eusocial hymenopterans, but even this small sampling shows great promise for the de...

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Autores principales:	Daniel Dashevsky, Juanita Rodriguez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	tarantula hawk parasitoid solitary wasps pompilidotoxin anoplin Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e1968e8bd1744e38986417fda3c1cf15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e1968e8bd1744e38986417fda3c1cf152021-11-25T19:08:30ZA Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)10.3390/toxins131107442072-6651https://doaj.org/article/e1968e8bd1744e38986417fda3c1cf152021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/744https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Parasitoid wasps represent the plurality of venomous animals, but have received extremely little research in proportion to this taxonomic diversity. The lion’s share of investigation into insect venoms has focused on eusocial hymenopterans, but even this small sampling shows great promise for the development of new active substances. The family Pompilidae is known as the spider wasps because of their reproductive habits which include hunting for spiders, delivering a paralyzing sting, and entombing them in burrows with one of the wasp’s eggs to serve as food for the developing larva. The largest members of this family, especially the tarantula hawks of the genus <i>Pepsis</i>, have attained notoriety for their large size, dramatic coloration, long-term paralysis of their prey, and incredibly painful defensive stings. In this paper we review the existing research regarding the composition and function of pompilid venoms, discuss parallels from other venom literatures, identify possible avenues for the adaptation of pompilid toxins towards human purposes, and future directions of inquiry for the field.Daniel DashevskyJuanita RodriguezMDPI AGarticletarantula hawkparasitoidsolitary waspspompilidotoxinanoplinMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 744, p 744 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tarantula hawk parasitoid solitary wasps pompilidotoxin anoplin Medicine R
spellingShingle	tarantula hawk parasitoid solitary wasps pompilidotoxin anoplin Medicine R Daniel Dashevsky Juanita Rodriguez A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
description	Parasitoid wasps represent the plurality of venomous animals, but have received extremely little research in proportion to this taxonomic diversity. The lion’s share of investigation into insect venoms has focused on eusocial hymenopterans, but even this small sampling shows great promise for the development of new active substances. The family Pompilidae is known as the spider wasps because of their reproductive habits which include hunting for spiders, delivering a paralyzing sting, and entombing them in burrows with one of the wasp’s eggs to serve as food for the developing larva. The largest members of this family, especially the tarantula hawks of the genus <i>Pepsis</i>, have attained notoriety for their large size, dramatic coloration, long-term paralysis of their prey, and incredibly painful defensive stings. In this paper we review the existing research regarding the composition and function of pompilid venoms, discuss parallels from other venom literatures, identify possible avenues for the adaptation of pompilid toxins towards human purposes, and future directions of inquiry for the field.
format	article
author	Daniel Dashevsky Juanita Rodriguez
author_facet	Daniel Dashevsky Juanita Rodriguez
author_sort	Daniel Dashevsky
title	A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
title_short	A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
title_full	A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
title_fullStr	A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
title_full_unstemmed	A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)
title_sort	short review of the venoms and toxins of spider wasps (hymenoptera: pompilidae)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e1968e8bd1744e38986417fda3c1cf15
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A Short Review of the Venoms and Toxins of Spider Wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae)

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