A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement

Heart rate (HR) is an essential indicator of health in the human body. It measures the number of times per minute that the heart contracts or beats. An irregular heartbeat can signify a severe health condition, so monitoring heart rate periodically can help prevent heart complications. This paper pr...

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Autores principales:	Gabriel Bravo, Jesús M. Silva, Salvador A. Noriega, Erwin A. Martínez, Francisco J. Enríquez, Ernesto Sifuentes
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	wearable health monitoring resistance-to-time interface circuit force-sensing resistor direct microcontroller interface circuit heart rate measurement Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e1beee7543ec41489d882318f01dd673
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e1beee7543ec41489d882318f01dd6732021-11-25T18:57:23ZA Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement10.3390/s212275491424-8220https://doaj.org/article/e1beee7543ec41489d882318f01dd6732021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/22/7549https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220Heart rate (HR) is an essential indicator of health in the human body. It measures the number of times per minute that the heart contracts or beats. An irregular heartbeat can signify a severe health condition, so monitoring heart rate periodically can help prevent heart complications. This paper presents a novel wearable sensing approach for remote HR measurement by a compact resistance-to-microcontroller interface circuit. A heartbeat’s signal can be detected by a Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) attached to the body near large arteries (such as the carotid or radial), which expand their area each time the heart expels blood to the body. Depending on how the sensor interfaces with the subject, the FSR changes its electrical resistance every time a pulse is detected. By placing the FSR in a direct interface circuit, those resistance variations can be measured directly by a microcontroller without using either analog processing stages or an analog-to-digital converter. In this kind of interface, the self-heating of the sensor is avoided, since the FSR does not require any voltage or bias current. The proposed system has a sampling rate of 50 Sa/s, and an effective resolution of 10 bits (200 mΩ), enough for obtaining well-shaped cardiac signals and heart rate estimations in real time by the microcontroller. With this approach, the implementation of wearable systems in health monitoring applications is more feasible.Gabriel BravoJesús M. SilvaSalvador A. NoriegaErwin A. MartínezFrancisco J. EnríquezErnesto SifuentesMDPI AGarticlewearable health monitoringresistance-to-time interface circuitforce-sensing resistordirect microcontroller interface circuitheart rate measurementChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7549, p 7549 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	wearable health monitoring resistance-to-time interface circuit force-sensing resistor direct microcontroller interface circuit heart rate measurement Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	wearable health monitoring resistance-to-time interface circuit force-sensing resistor direct microcontroller interface circuit heart rate measurement Chemical technology TP1-1185 Gabriel Bravo Jesús M. Silva Salvador A. Noriega Erwin A. Martínez Francisco J. Enríquez Ernesto Sifuentes A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
description	Heart rate (HR) is an essential indicator of health in the human body. It measures the number of times per minute that the heart contracts or beats. An irregular heartbeat can signify a severe health condition, so monitoring heart rate periodically can help prevent heart complications. This paper presents a novel wearable sensing approach for remote HR measurement by a compact resistance-to-microcontroller interface circuit. A heartbeat’s signal can be detected by a Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) attached to the body near large arteries (such as the carotid or radial), which expand their area each time the heart expels blood to the body. Depending on how the sensor interfaces with the subject, the FSR changes its electrical resistance every time a pulse is detected. By placing the FSR in a direct interface circuit, those resistance variations can be measured directly by a microcontroller without using either analog processing stages or an analog-to-digital converter. In this kind of interface, the self-heating of the sensor is avoided, since the FSR does not require any voltage or bias current. The proposed system has a sampling rate of 50 Sa/s, and an effective resolution of 10 bits (200 mΩ), enough for obtaining well-shaped cardiac signals and heart rate estimations in real time by the microcontroller. With this approach, the implementation of wearable systems in health monitoring applications is more feasible.
format	article
author	Gabriel Bravo Jesús M. Silva Salvador A. Noriega Erwin A. Martínez Francisco J. Enríquez Ernesto Sifuentes
author_facet	Gabriel Bravo Jesús M. Silva Salvador A. Noriega Erwin A. Martínez Francisco J. Enríquez Ernesto Sifuentes
author_sort	Gabriel Bravo
title	A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
title_short	A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
title_full	A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
title_fullStr	A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
title_full_unstemmed	A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement
title_sort	power-efficient sensing approach for pulse wave palpation-based heart rate measurement
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e1beee7543ec41489d882318f01dd673
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A Power-Efficient Sensing Approach for Pulse Wave Palpation-Based Heart Rate Measurement

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