Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study

<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Seroepidemiological studies indicate that parvovirus B19 circulates in all areas of the world, although with some differences. The aim of this study is to analyze the seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in the Croatian population. <i>Materials and Met...

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Autores principales:	Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek, Irena Tabain, Branko Kolaric, Klara Mihulja, Lana Blazevic, Maja Bogdanic, Dan Navolan, Natasa Beader, Anna Mrzljak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	parvovirus B19 seroprevalence Croatia pregnancy hemodialysis transplant Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e1cfaee910f046cdb522dd5a887c8e05
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e1cfaee910f046cdb522dd5a887c8e052021-11-25T18:19:12ZParvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study10.3390/medicina571112791648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/e1cfaee910f046cdb522dd5a887c8e052021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1279https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Seroepidemiological studies indicate that parvovirus B19 circulates in all areas of the world, although with some differences. The aim of this study is to analyze the seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in the Croatian population. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: From 2010 to 2021, 1538 serum samples from different populations were tested for the presence of parvovirus B19 IgM/IgG antibodies. Serological tests were performed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <i>Results</i>: IgG antibodies were detected in 986/64.1% of participants with differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among the following population groups: 42.4% of children and adolescents, 67.1% of the adult general population, 66.7% of hemodialysis patients, and 65.6% of liver transplant recipients. Seroprevalence increased with age, from 30.0% in the 6 months–9 years age group to 69.0% in the 40–49 years age group, and remained stable thereafter (68.8–73.3%). There was no difference in the seropositivity among males (66.1%) and females (63.1%), as well as the place of residence (suburban/rural 63.9%, urban 64.1%). IgM antibodies (current/recent infection) were found in 61/4.0% of participants with the highest seropositivity in the youngest age group (11.1%). In pregnant women, seroprevalence was higher in women with an unfavorable obstetric history compared with a normal pregnancy (IgG 71.0% vs. 62.6%; IgM 6.5% vs. 2.4%), but these differences were not significant. Logistic regression showed that the adult population had almost three times higher risk of IgG seropositivity compared to children/adolescents (general population OR = 2.777, 95% CI = 2.023–3.812; hemodialysis patients OR = 2.586, 95% CI = 1.531–4.367; and transplant patients OR = 2.717, 95% CI = 1.604–4.603). A one-year increase in age increased the risk of IgG seroprevalence (OR = 1.017; 95% CI = 1.011–1.022). <i>Conclusions</i>: Older age was the main risk factor for IgG seropositivity. Hemodialysis and organ transplantation seem unrelated to the increased parvovirus B19 seroprevalence. The role of parvovirus B19 in the etiology of TORCH infections needs to be studied further.Tatjana Vilibic-CavlekIrena TabainBranko KolaricKlara MihuljaLana BlazevicMaja BogdanicDan NavolanNatasa BeaderAnna MrzljakMDPI AGarticleparvovirus B19seroprevalenceCroatiapregnancyhemodialysistransplantMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1279, p 1279 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	parvovirus B19 seroprevalence Croatia pregnancy hemodialysis transplant Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	parvovirus B19 seroprevalence Croatia pregnancy hemodialysis transplant Medicine (General) R5-920 Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Irena Tabain Branko Kolaric Klara Mihulja Lana Blazevic Maja Bogdanic Dan Navolan Natasa Beader Anna Mrzljak Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
description	<i>Background and Objectives</i>: Seroepidemiological studies indicate that parvovirus B19 circulates in all areas of the world, although with some differences. The aim of this study is to analyze the seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in the Croatian population. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: From 2010 to 2021, 1538 serum samples from different populations were tested for the presence of parvovirus B19 IgM/IgG antibodies. Serological tests were performed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. <i>Results</i>: IgG antibodies were detected in 986/64.1% of participants with differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among the following population groups: 42.4% of children and adolescents, 67.1% of the adult general population, 66.7% of hemodialysis patients, and 65.6% of liver transplant recipients. Seroprevalence increased with age, from 30.0% in the 6 months–9 years age group to 69.0% in the 40–49 years age group, and remained stable thereafter (68.8–73.3%). There was no difference in the seropositivity among males (66.1%) and females (63.1%), as well as the place of residence (suburban/rural 63.9%, urban 64.1%). IgM antibodies (current/recent infection) were found in 61/4.0% of participants with the highest seropositivity in the youngest age group (11.1%). In pregnant women, seroprevalence was higher in women with an unfavorable obstetric history compared with a normal pregnancy (IgG 71.0% vs. 62.6%; IgM 6.5% vs. 2.4%), but these differences were not significant. Logistic regression showed that the adult population had almost three times higher risk of IgG seropositivity compared to children/adolescents (general population OR = 2.777, 95% CI = 2.023–3.812; hemodialysis patients OR = 2.586, 95% CI = 1.531–4.367; and transplant patients OR = 2.717, 95% CI = 1.604–4.603). A one-year increase in age increased the risk of IgG seroprevalence (OR = 1.017; 95% CI = 1.011–1.022). <i>Conclusions</i>: Older age was the main risk factor for IgG seropositivity. Hemodialysis and organ transplantation seem unrelated to the increased parvovirus B19 seroprevalence. The role of parvovirus B19 in the etiology of TORCH infections needs to be studied further.
format	article
author	Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Irena Tabain Branko Kolaric Klara Mihulja Lana Blazevic Maja Bogdanic Dan Navolan Natasa Beader Anna Mrzljak
author_facet	Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Irena Tabain Branko Kolaric Klara Mihulja Lana Blazevic Maja Bogdanic Dan Navolan Natasa Beader Anna Mrzljak
author_sort	Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek
title	Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
title_short	Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
title_full	Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
title_fullStr	Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
title_full_unstemmed	Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study
title_sort	parvovirus b19 in croatia: a large-scale seroprevalence study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e1cfaee910f046cdb522dd5a887c8e05
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Parvovirus B19 in Croatia: A Large-Scale Seroprevalence Study

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